objective(s):painful diabetic neuropathy is associated with hyperexcitability and hyperactivity of spinal cord neurons. however, its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have not been fully clarified. induction of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmission imbalance at the spinal cord seems to account for the abnormal neuronal activity in diabetes. protective properties of neurosteroids have b...

introduction: postoperative neurological deficit is the most devastating complication after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. despite demonstrated neuroprotective effects of estradiol, its protective efficacy against spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion and underlying mechanisms are not yet elucidated. methods: two groups, each of 10 new zealand white male rabbits, were studied. control grou...

The arterial blood supply of the spinal cord depends on a single anterior spinal artery and two posterior spinal arteries. The anterior spinal artery, which is the more important, commences within the cranial cavity by the union of the anterior spinal branches of each vertebral artery and subsequently is fed by several tributary arteries. Down the length of the spinal cord the anterior spinal a...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in death of spinal neurons and atrophy of muscles which they govern. Thus, following SCI, reorganizing the lumbar spinal sensorimotor pathways is crucial to alleviate muscle atrophy. Tail nerve electrical stimulation (TANES) has been shown to activate the central pattern generator (CPG) and improve the locomotion recovery of spinal contused rats. Electroac...

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the central nervous system was used to measure motor conduction velocity in the human spinal cord in 21 subjects aged 22 to 75 years (mean 55 years), none of whom had neurological disease. The motor conduction velocity between the sixth cervical (C6) and first lumbar (L1) vertebral levels was 67.4 +/- 9.1 m/s. This probably represents conduction velocity...

This study evaluated the role of spared axons on structural and behavioral neuroplasticity in the lumbar enlargement after a thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI). Previous work has demonstrated that recovery in the presence of spared axons after an incomplete lesion increases behavioral output after a subsequent complete spinal cord transection (TX). This suggests that spared axons direct adaptive...

Introduction: Today, clinicians and neuroscientists need to have a comprehensive survey of neurological pathologies and injuries. For the First-time, SEEP contrast and Spin-Echo pulse sequences was used for functional imaging of the Lumbar spinal cord. This method used by several research groups for Spinal cord mapping, but other researchers tried to improve BOLD fMRI to Spina...

Case description- A five-year-old female dog, weighing 35 kg, was presented as an emergency case after it suffered a gunshot injury.Clinical findings - Physical examination of the dog revealed paraplegia, the symptoms were normal. There was no bone fracture and dislocation in the lower extremity examination. A bullet (diameter, 4 mm) between the third and fourth lumbar was observed on rad...

PURPOSE To assess physiological spinal cord motion during the cardiac cycle compared with the influence of respiration based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anterior-posterior spinal cord motion within the spinal canal was assessed in 16 healthy volunteers (median age, 25 years) by cardiac-triggered and cardiac-gated gradient echo pulse sequence MRI. Im...