Finite length LT codes over higher order Galois fields Fq for unequal error protection (UEP) are analysed under maximum likelihood (ML) decoding. We consider a biased sampling method to create the LT code graph. In contrast to a previous approach by Rahnavard et al., where a predetermined number of edges is created per importance class given a check node of degree d, our procedure allows to pre...

In this paper, we propose a new early termination method (ETM) for Luby transform (LT) belief propagation (BP) decoder. The proposed ETM, which we call least reliable messages (LRM), observes only sign alterations of a small cluster in log-likelihood ratio (LLR) messages passing between nodes in BP decoder. Simulation results and complexity analyzes show that LRM significantly lower computation...

We propose a new parameter for optimizing the performance of rateless codes by minimizing latency and data overhead. We call it Latency-Overhead Product (LOP). It is based on ideas used in the analysis of digital circuits. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the LOP parameter for a specific class of rateless codes called Online codes (OC). We give results from experiments in ideal channel and s...

The class of k-bit delay decodable codes, source codes allowing decoding at most k bits for ≥ 0, can attain a shorter average codeword length than Huffman codes. This paper discusses the general properties with finite number code tables and proves two theorems which enable us to limit scope be considered when discussing optimal

A Raptor code is a concatenation of a fixed rate precode and a Luby-Transform (LT) code that can be used as a rateless error-correcting code over communication channels. By definition, Raptor codes are characterized by irregularity features such as dynamic rate, check-degree variability, and joint coding, which make the design of hardware-efficient decoders a challenging task. In this paper, se...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although many adults experience resource-intensive and costly health care in the last year of life, less is known about these health care experiences in children with life-threatening complex chronic conditions (LT-CCCs). We assessed hospital resource use in children by type and number of LT-CCCs. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 1252 children with LT-CCCs, ages 1...