sodic soil is one of the most common problems of limiting agricultural production that related on irrigation. saturated hydraulic conductivity is one of hydrodynamic characteristics in evaluating transmission flow through underground levels. to investigate the role of increment of exchangeable sodium in hydraulic conductivity changes (as characterized by the mobility of water in soil) an experi...

S.A. Shahid et al. (eds.), Developments in Soil Salinity Assessment and Reclamation: Innovative Thinking and Use of Marginal Soil and Water Resources in Irrigated Agriculture, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-5684-7_14, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 Abstract Geographical distribution of soil salinity, alkalinity, calcicity, soil texture, and organic matter (grid system-log distance of ...

Labile fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) respond rapidly to land management practices and can be used as a sensitive indicator of changes in SOM. However, there is little information about the effect of agroforestry practices on labile SOM fractions in semiarid regions of China. In order to test the effects of land use change from monocropping to agroforestry systems on labile SOM fraction...

Adsorption-desorption of arsenic is the primary factor that impacts the bioavailability and mobility of arsenic in soils. To examine the characteristics of arsenate [As(V)] adsorption-desorption, kinetic batch experiments were carried out on three soils having different properties, followed by arsenic release using successive dilutions. Adsorption of As(V) was highly nonlinear, with a Freundlic...

The Mollisols from the Pampas Region of Argentina have been described as presenting different compactability behaviors under agricultural systems. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the inherent soil factors related to the susceptibility to compaction. Total organic carbon (TOC), texture (CLAY, SILT, SAND), water retention at 0.33 kPa (WR), Proctor maximum bulk density (BDM...

When manures from intensive livestock operations are applied to agricultural or vegetable fields at a high rate, large amounts of salts and metals will be introduced into soils. Using a column leaching experiment, this study assessed the leaching potential of the downward movement of Cu and Zn as well as some salt ions after an intensive farm pig manure at rates of 0%, 5% and 10% (w/w) were app...

Animal wastes are a major contributor of nutrients and enteric microorganisms to surface water and ground water. Polyacrylamide (PAM) mixtures are an effective flocculent, and we hypothesized that they would reduce transport of microorganisms in flowing water. After waste water running at 60.0 1 min(-1) flowed over PAM + Al2(SO4)3, or PAM + CaO in furrows, total coliform bacteria (TC) and fecal...

the majority of hydraulic processes under a natural condition in a field are carried out under unsaturated flow conditions. the soil moisture retention curve (smrc) is the most important hydraulic characteristic of an unsaturated soil whose knowledge is of prime importance in soil-water studies such as soil conservation, soil erosion, land evaluation, soil reclamation, and water resources manag...

ing water (Giblin et al., 2000a,b; Herman and Frankenberger, 1999; Miller and Logan, 2000; Wallace et al., Perchlorate (ClO 4 ) contamination of ground water and surface 1998; Kim and Logan, 2000, 2001). Factors that affect the water is a widespread problem, particularly in the western United States. This study examined the effect of biodegradation on perchlofate and transport of perchlorate in...

The effect of seeding depth on emergence of red rice (Oryza sativa) ecotypes from Arkansas (AR), Louisiana (LA), and Mississippi (MS) was determined under dry-seeded rice production in clay and silt loam soils in Arkansas. By 21 d after planting (DAP), all red rice ecotypes had emerged from planting depths of 1.3, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 cm in both clay and silt loam soils. In silt loam soil, seedlin...