Attractiveness principal in Iranian- Islamic architecture and decorating in this issue Iranian Architecture in the period of Islam use different means to show the influential and effective thoughts and interpretations and meanings on the people. One way to identify the means is to Research and investigate in the audience’s cognition and understanding particularly architectures and identify the ...

We propose an unsupervised method for distinguishing literal and non-literal usages of idiomatic expressions. Our method determines how well a literal interpretation is linked to the overall cohesive structure of the discourse. If strong links can be found, the expression is classified as literal, otherwise as idiomatic. We show that this method can help to tell apart literal and non-literal us...

It is a privilege for me to participate and speak at this symposium honoring the 60th birthday of Julian Schwinger. Although in the literal sense I am not a student of his, like all of us here I am, in the broad and true sense of the word, a student of his contributions and creations. To all scientists educated in the era starting after World War II the fundamental achievements in quantum field...

Previous work has shown that prior experience in language brokering (informal translation) may facilitate the processing of meaning within and across language boundaries. The present investigation examined the influence of brokering on bilinguals' processing of two word collocations with either a literal or a figurative meaning in each language. Proficient Spanish-English bilinguals classified ...

Based on psychological studies which show that metaphors and other non-literal constructions are comprehended in the same amount of time as comparable literal constructions, some researchers have concluded that literal meaning is not computed during comprehension of non-literal constructions. In this paper, we suggest that the empirical evidence does not rule out the possibility that literal me...

A "Statute" is the will of the Sovereign Legislature according to which the Governments function. The executive must act and the Judiciary in the course of Administration of Justice must apply the law as laid down by the said legislative will. Very often occasions will arise where the courts will be called upon to interpret the words, phrases and expressions used in the statute. In the course o...

Justification is to give evidence, in terms of a proof, for the truth value of the result generated by query evaluation of a logic program. In an earlier work we presented algorithms for justifying logic programs. It was based on using tabling for evaluating the program and post-processing the memo tables created during evaluation. Justification built in this fashion does not compromise the per...

This paper defends the view, put roughly, that to think p is guess answer question at hand, and rationally for one’s be (in a certain sense) non-arbitrary. Some theses will argued along way include: thinking question-sensitive and, correspondingly, ‘thinks’ context-sensitive; it can rational while having arbitrarily low credence p; that, nonetheless, closed under entailment; does ...