Neural correlates exist for a basic component of logical formulae, PREDICATE(x). Vision and audition research in primates and humans shows two independent neural pathways; one locates objects in body-centered space, the other attributes properties, such as colour, to objects. In vision these are the dorsal and ventral pathways. In audition, similarly separable "where" and "what" pathways exist....

BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) do not have uniform pathological significance. They affect patients with different brain disorders, and vary along multiple phenomenological dimensions. Evidence indicates that some of the phenomenological variables have specific neural substrates. Therefore, a comprehensive characterization of the phenomenological variations of AVH and the interr...

Existing intuitionistic linguistic variables can describe the linguistic information of both the truth/membership and falsity/non-membership degrees, but it cannot represent the indeterminate and inconsistent linguistic information. To deal with the issue, this paper originally proposes the concept of a linguistic neutrosophic number (LNN), which is characterized independently by the truth, ind...

Linguistic variables are very useful to evaluate alternatives in decision making problems because they provide a vocabulary in natural language rather than numbers. Some aggregation operators for linguistic variables force the use of a symmetric and uniformly distributed set of terms. The need to relax these conditions has recently been posited. This paper presents the induced unbalanced lingui...

Using speech samples of 100 patients suffering from schizophrenia, bipolar illness and major depression, we addressed the question of the extent to which the linguistic abnormalities in the speech of these patients represent diagnosis-specific characteristics or constitute independent, syndrome-like dimensions of the illnesses. All speech samples were transcribed by a professional linguist who ...

BACKGROUND A study of linguistic and narrative variables in oral and written language disorder. AIM To characterize the linguistic and narrative productivity, oral and written productions, of scholars with oral and written language disorder. METHOD Oral and written narrative productions of 30 scholars from public schools (male and female aged 7 to 13 years) were compared. These individuals ...

In this work, we analyze how the linguistic labels of a linguistic variable can be a useful tool in the L-Fuzzy Concept Theory. In concrete, we study the L-Fuzzy concepts obtained from a departure set represented by means of these linguistic labels applied to the set of objects or attributes. We also illustrate the results by means of an example.

This paper proposes a fuzzy discriminant analysis to solve the two-group classification problem where the measured variables are linguistic in nature. Especially under imprecise framework, the linguistic variables capture more information although vagueness is inherent. In analogy to classical statistics, a fuzzy linear discriminant function is introduced here, which directly deals with continu...

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of traditionally spoken linguistic analysis approaches for understanding the nature and outcomes of online interaction. The study took place with twenty-eight elementary school teachers in ten suburban Chicago schools involved in a technology-supported, problem-based learning curriculum development effort. The asynchronous and face-to-face...

This paper builds on a previously proposed approach where fuzzy logic is used to incorporate linguistic variables in system dynamics modeling. The motivation for this approach is to include vague yet dynamic variables that are combined in a meaningful way. The essence of our approach requires the definition of membership functions as representations of the degree to which specific variable attr...