A new iterative approach for hidden Markov modeling of information sources which aims at minimizing the discrimination information (or the cross-entropy) between the source and the model is proposed. This approach does not require the commonly used assumption that the source to be modeled is a hidden Markov process. The algorithm is started from the model estimated by the traditional maximum li...

Despite efforts to dispel discrimination, workplace discrimination still occurs. We introduce two classes of identity management strategies individuals use to mitigate the negative consequences of discrimination: identity switching (i.e., deemphasizing target identities and recategorizing to a more positively valued identity) and identity redefinition (i.e., stereotype reassociation and regener...

Price Discrimination in the Concert Industry Concert tickets can either be sold at a single price or at different prices to reflect the various levels of seating categories available. Here we consider how two product characteristics (the artist’s age and venue capacity) influence the likelihood that pop music concert tickets will be sold at different prices. We argue that valuation heterogeneit...

Abstract Ethnic discrimination is a serious problem in education. Previous quantitative research predominately focused on the consequences of ethnic discrimination. Very little known, however, about characteristics school context that influence initial experience This knowledge essential to support schools how organize way diminishes likelihood adolescents being discriminated against. study exa...

Recent theories posit that adult neurogenesis supports dentate gyrus pattern separation and hence is necessary for some types of discrimination learning. Using an inducible transgenic mouse model, we investigated the contribution of adult-born neurons to spatial and nonspatial touch-screen discriminations of varying levels of difficulty. Arresting neurogenesis caused a modest but statistically ...

Rabbits were trained to discriminate patterns consisting of straight bars and rows of dots of different orientation. It was found that using proximal pattern presentation, at a distance of 5 cm in front of the animal, dot rows of different orientation are not discriminated on the basis of tilt extrapolation, but by the use of regional cues.

In this article, we address the problem of categorization according to language by presenting a method based on natural properties of language which allow us to categorize any kind of sentence with a very high success rate. The major diiculties in categorization are convergence and textual errors. Convergence since dealing with short entries involve discarding languages from few clues. Textual ...

A large proportion of two parent households transition into single parent households upon marital disruption. Single parent households, especially female headed households face an increase in the risk of poverty. This study focuses on whether widow status in India influences the likelihood of household headship in India. This study is based on the most recent National Family Health Survey 1998-...