The rutting behavior of the red goral (Naemorhedus cranbrooki) was studied at the Breeding Center of Shanghai Zoo from September 16–November 21, 2004. Twenty-three qualitatively distinct behavior patterns was observed. Males showed a more extensive repertoire (18 patterns, 15 carried out only by males) than did females (10 patterns, 6 carried out only by females). Smelling and licking behavior ...

OSSENKOPP, K.-P., R. K. COOLEY AND C. H. VANDERWOLF. A simple method for monitoring licking responses that is compatible with electrophysiological recording. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 24(4) 801-803, 1980.--A simple technique is described for the monitoring of drinking behavior that is compatible with concurrent recording of electrophysioiogical events. The technique involves transduction of the movement ...

The effects of stress on parental care are poorly understood, especially in biparental species where males also display care. Data from previous studies in prairie voles, as well as parallels with pair-bonding behavior, suggest the hypothesis that a stressful experience might facilitate parental care in males but not in females. In the present study, male and female prairie voles were exposed t...

Numerous viruses cause latent infections in humans, and reactivation often results in pain and suffering. While vaccines for several of these viruses are available or currently being studied in clinical trials, and antiviral therapies have been successful in preventing or treating active infection, therapy to eradicate latent infection has lagged behind. A new study reported in this issue of th...

Antiparasitic drugs, and especially macrocyclic lactones (MLs), are often formulated as pour-on products because of their ease of administration, convenience, and reduction of stress in treated animals. However, because of self- and allo-grooming, much of a drug administered transdermally may be systemically absorbed via the oral route, creating highly variable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynam...

Fluid licking in mice is an example of a rhythmic behavior thought to be under the control of a central pattern generator. Inbred strains of mice have been shown to differ in mean or modal interlick interval (ILI) duration, suggesting a genetic-based variation. We investigated water licking in the commonly used inbred strains C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2), using a commercially available contact...

Acupuncture is the process of stimulating skin regions called meridians or acupoints and has been used to treat pain-related symptoms. However, the pain-relieving effects of acupuncture may be different depending on acupoints. In the present study, the effects of acupuncture on behavioral responses and c-Fos expression were evaluated using a formalin test in male Sprague-Dawley rats in order to...

Gonadal hormones have been shown to exert modulatory effects on nociception and analgesia. To investigate the role of gonadal hormones in the response by female rats to both phasic and persistent nociceptive stimulation, we evaluated the effects of long-term ovariectomy (OVX, 6 months) on the thermal pain threshold and on formalin-induced responses. The thermal pain threshold was evaluated with...

objective: vanillosmopsis arborea baker (asteraceae) has high economic value from chapada to araripe and its bark essential oil is a potential source of alpha-bisabolol. the present study aimed to elucidate the antinociceptive and antipruritic properties of the essential oil of v. arborea baker (eova) in mice. materials and methods: the antinociceptive activity was assessed using the capsaicin,...