The neuropeptide, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), is released from nerve terminals in the median eminence and carried via the hypophysial portal system to the anterior pituitary, where it stimulates the release of gonadotropins. LHRH-containing neurons are located in many different regions of the rodent brain, including olfactory, septal, preoptic, and hypothalamic structures. Sin...

The synaptic interactions between catecholaminergic terminals and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH)-containing neurons in the medial preoptic area of the rat was studied by electron microscopy using LHRH immunocytochemistry combined with 5-hydroxydopamine labeling or autoradiography after injection of 3H-dopamine or 3H-noradrenaline in the same tissue section. Axon terminals labeled ...

Management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is challenging due to lack of efficacious therapy. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogs appear to act directly on cells based on the LHRH receptors on human prostate adenocarcinoma cells. We explored anticancer activity of a cytotoxic analog of LHRH, AEZS-108 consisting of LHRH agonist linked to doxorubicin. Nude mice bearing DU...

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth commonest cause of cancer-related mortality across the world. Because of the poor response to conventional chemotherapy, small molecules, radiation therapy and surgery, development of new targeted therapies is necessary. In the present study, we have analyzed expression of the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor in specimens of human pancreatic ...

The therapeutic options for the treatment of androgea-independent prostatic cancers are rather limited; this Is mainly because our under standing of the local mechanisms involved In the control of androgen independent proliferation of the tumor is stlH very poor. The present experlmeats have been performed to verify whether luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists may possess a dir...

Experiments were conducted to identify neurons in the bovine brain that express the LHRH gene and to determine whether LHRH mRNA levels are influenced by the ovaries. Two groups of postpubertal heifers were utilized: heifers killed during the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle (LUTEAL, n = 5) and heifers killed 14-16 wk following ovariectomy (OVX, n = 5). In situ hybridization was performed ...

PGs of the E series are involved in the control of LHRH secretion. The present experiments were conducted to clarify whether PGI2 (prostacyclin) might be also involved in such a control, using multiple methodological approaches on immortalized LHRH-secreting neurons. A RT-PCR procedure to detect mouse PGI2 receptor (IP) messenger RNA was first applied, and the results obtained showed the presen...

Previous studies demonstrated the involvement of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, in the developmental regulation of hypothalamic LHRH release. Although both TGF alpha and EGF stimulate LHRH release, they do not appear to act directly on LHRH neurons, as no EGF/TGF alpha receptors are detected on these cells in vivo. Instead, th...

beta-Endorphin blocks release of luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone (LHRH) into the hypophyseal portal vessels by stimulating mu-opiate receptors, thereby inhibiting secretion of LH. LHRH release is controlled by release of nitric oxide from nitricoxidergic (NOergic) neurons in the basal tuberal hypothalamus. To determine whether beta-endorphin exerts its inhibitory action on this NOerg...

We have previously shown that chelated copper stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) from isolated hypothalamic granules. In this study, we wished to ascertain if chelated copper acts on hypothalamic neurons to stimulate LHRH release and, if so, what is the ligand specificity of this interaction. An in vitro system of explants of the median eminence area (MEA) wa...