We introduce the first family of district compactness measures that can incorporate a wide range of internal geographic features. The measures in this family are the probability that a district contains an admissible path between a randomly selected pair of people. The measure can account for roads, travel time, political boundaries, and prior districts. This family of measures includes the pat...

I. Legislative Basis and Relationship to Federal Programs and Regulations ............................................................................. 1–4 A. Legislative Basis ................................................................................................... 1–4 B. Relationship to Earlier HUD Guidelines .......................................................... 1–4 C. Intended...