This paper focuses on the role of scavenging poultry in integrated farming systems and is mainly based on previous studies and past research and development attempts to improve scavenging poultry in Ethiopia. Village poultry production is an integral part of a balanced farming system and has a unique position in the rural household economy, supplying high quality protein to the family. In this ...

Sustainability is de®ned as the ability of a system to `continue'. In view of this de®nition, several aspects of the crop protection activity in organic farming are reviewed according to their ability to `continue'. As no absolute measure of sustainability is available, this analysis takes the form of a comparison between organic and conventional crop protection methods. Two elements of crop pr...

During the past 2 years, numerous groups have discussed recreational and other commercial uses of wildlife and land resources by farmers and ranchers. For example, in 1986, the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station conducted the International Ranchers Roundup in Kerrville, Texas. At this meeting, several speakers presented papers on the marketing of wildlife and rangeland resources, some discus...

The Spanish telecommunications regulator recently introduced a capacity-based access system. Under this regulation, entrants pay a flat charge for the interconnection circuits leased to the incumbent operator and are able to freely use these circuits to provide telecommunications services. This paper determines the optimal capacity-based access charge in the presence of time varying demand and ...

The present practice of traditional slash-and-burn agriculture (locally called jhum kheti) by the ethnic Noctes in Tirap district of Arunachal Pradesh, India is a part of history of rural landscapes. Even today, the local jhumias totally depends on this traditional farming system for their livelihood. Nonetheless, it is time and again considered as ‘traditional’ and firm in contrast to modern m...

The growth of organic farming practices in the last few decades is continuing to stimulate the international debate about this alternative food market. As a p art of a PhD project r esearch about embeddedness in Alternative Food Networks (AFNs), this paper focuses on the promotional aspects of organic farms websites from the Madrid region. As a theoretical tool, some knowledge categories drawn ...

This paper presents a preventive maintenance (PM) policy for leased equipment over a finite lease period L. Maintenance is entrusted to the lessor. The purpose is to determine the PM period T minimizing the expected total cost over the lease period in a context where repairs and PM actions are imperfect and have non-negligible durations. The leased equipment is periodically subjected to imperfe...

The study is based mainly on primary data collected through socio-economic survey schedule from nearby villages of Kharar town falling under Municipal Corporation Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar (Mohali) Punjab. Different components include status soil agronomic practices cropping and sampling to achieve the target qualitative quantitative for Crop diversification, economic socio-economy farmers The...

Statistical entropy analysis (SEA) quantifies the dilution and concentration of conservative substances (e.g., heavy metals) in a system. In this paper, the SEA concept is extended (eSEA) to make it applicable to systems in which the chemical speciation is of particular importance. The eSEA is applied to a simplified region used for crop farming. The extent to which the region concentrates or d...