in recent years, language-learning research has been more concerned with factors that may affect the choice of learning strategies among learners. in studies conducted by cohen (1990), ehrman and oxford (1995), macintyre and gardner (1989) and reid (1987), these factors have been identified as motivation, gender, learning style, previous experience, and personality type. this study attempts to ...

The validity of learning styles needs supports of additional objective evidence. The identification of learning styles using subjective evidence from VARK questionnaires (where V is visual, A is auditory, R is read/write, and K is kinesthetic) combined with objective evidence from visual event-related potential (vERP) studies has never been investigated. It is questionable whether picture super...

In computer-based instruction learning environments, learners can be easily distracted due to the attraction of the enormous amount of interesting Internet content. If learners feel negative emotions during computer-based instruction, they may discontinue their learning. Thus, finding ways to keep learners feeling positive is an important part of computer-based instruction. Flow theory proposed...

abstract the present study aims at analyzing efl learners’ attitudes towards motivating factors in learning vocab-ulary. a mixed-methods approach was used to conduct the study. in the qualitative analysis, iranian efl learners’ attitudes towards learning vocabulary were investigated through a semi-structured interview en-compassing 36 participants. subsequently, a 56-item ‘motivation for voca...

The interactivity of e-learning may affect how learners responding to the learning content. This study examined the effects of level-of-interactivity and gender on learners’ achievement and attitudes under the condition of learning computer graphics on-line. One hundred and twenty one e-learners participated in this study and the effective sample size for the present study was ninety two. The e...