Among the genes controlling the differentiation and maintenance of epidermal cell fate are members of the HD-ZIP IV class family of plant-specific transcription factors, most of which are specifically expressed in the epidermis of tissues. Here, we report the functional analysis of the maize HD-ZIP IV gene OCL4 (outer cell layer 4) via the phenotypic analysis of two insertional mutants, and of ...

Simira is a predominantly woody Neotropical genus comprising 41 taxa, 16 of which occur in Brazil and eight of them in the southeastern region of Brazil. Leaf blades of Simira eliezeriana Peixoto, S. glaziovii (K. Schum.) Steyem., S. grazielae Peixoto, S. pikia (K. Schum.) Steyerm., S. rubra (Mart.) Steyerm., S. sampaioana (Standl.) Steyerm. were collected in the southeastern region of Brazil a...

Leaf rolling is a common response to drought among members of the grass family. A detailed understanding structural changes that occur when rice leaves roll in may assist determining physiological mechanisms underlying this feature and its potential utility plant breeding. The anatomical characteristics cultivars native northeastern Thailand stress were evaluated study. Polyethylene glycol (PEG...

The relative impermeability of the surfaces of leaves to water and mineral ions in solution is a condition upon which the life of terrestrial higher plants depends. However, for the investigator this feature imposes difficulties on attempts to make quantitative studies of the process of ion absorption by leaf tissue. The importance of this absorption process in the physiology of leaf cells has ...

Relative quantities of DNA in individual nuclei of stem and leaf epidermal cells of Arabidopsis were measured microspectrofluorometrically using epidermal peels. The relative ploidy level in each nucleus was assessed by comparison to root tip mitotic nuclei. A clear pattern of regular endopolyploidy is evident in epidermal cells. Guard cell nuclei contain levels of DNA comparable to dividing ro...

Little is known about the function of host factors involved in disease susceptibility. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) ROP (RHO of plants) G-protein RACB is required for full susceptibility of the leaf epidermis to invasion by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp hordei. Stable transgenic knockdown of RACB reduced the ability of barley to accommodate haustoria of B. graminis in intact epi...

The leaf structure and micromorphology characterize plant species and reflex its interactions with the environment. Leaf epidermis sculptures aid high transpiration plants on light reflection. The form and distribution of epicuticular wax crystalloids are important to characterize the surface. Aiming to know the micromorphology and the ultrastructure of G. arborescens, G. pohlii and G. virgata,...

Abstract The results showed that foliar fertilization with potassium silicate had a clear effect on increasing the thickness of upper and lower epidermal cuticle layer increased leaf, as after first spray reached 22 microns 11 microns, leaf 194.8 microns. As for second spray, 198.66, 25.33, 16.66 third was characterized by an increase in compared to 206.66 epidermis 28.33 19 respectively. Compa...

Cystoliths are large outgrowths of cell wall material and calcium carbonate with a silicon-containing stalk found in the leaves, stems roots only handful plant families. Each cystolith is contained within called lithocyst. In lithocysts may be mesophyll or epidermis. A study by Koch et al. (2009) reported unique, indented features on surface superamphiphilic Ruellia devosiana ( Acanthaceae ) le...

Antitumor substances related to vinblastine and vincristine are exclusively found in the Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle), a member of the Apocynaceae plant family, and continue to be extensively used in cancer chemotherapy. Although in high demand, these valuable compounds only accumulate in trace amounts in C. roseus leaves. Vinblastine and vincristine are condensed from the monote...