Teacher professional development, as a burgeoning term, has attracted a surge of interest in English language teaching. In second language (L2) professional development, the common orthodoxy has been one which considers teachers as that of knowledge consumers. It is commonly argued that top-down approaches to teachers’ professional development has done little to maximize teachers’ professionali...

in the name of allah, the compassionate, the merciful   my esteemed friends and colleagues from thousands of years ago, with the increase in the number of immigrants for finding new lands and then for trading, learning other languages became inevitable. from second half of the twentieth century, the ever increasing need for getting into communication with others, development in technological gr...

the present study was an attempt to investigate the acquisition of negationproperties by persian monolingual and kurdish-persian bilingual learners of englishacross different levels of language proficiency and within a generative framework.generative models are generally concerned with issues such as universal grammar(ug), language transfer, and morphological variability in nonprimary languaged...

sheikh mohammad bashir ibrahimi is one of the renowned performers of algeria. he is also known in literature field and one of the famous writers in the country. for releasing people of algeria, he established a terrific culture structure not only to revive freedom of algeria and save it from french colonization but also to return eminent place that islam had granted to this area. modernity was ...

concerning the penetration and development of french language in iran, present article is trying to scrutinize a part of unknown cultural history of qajar era. by the rise of the period, especially in the reign of mohammad shah (1250-1264 a.h.), not only the socio-political causes, but also the different institutions, nobles and personalities took an important role to penetrate and develop of f...

utilizing the resources of the web in educational practices has made instructional processes more efficient and interesting and has made the learning process on the other hand much easier and attractive. with the web, english language teachers now have the option of engaging learners in online (web-based) instructions in addition to the use of conventional classroom instructions or alternativel...

It is necessary to establish mutual relationships between suppliers and demanders to ensure the quality of services. As English is the language of international communications, and the linguistic competence can greatly help develop the tourism industry, this study aimed to analyze the effects of learning English listening, speaking, reading, and writing on tourism development in Iran through th...