Marcos Novak mainly considers a type of architecture cuts loose from the expectations of logic, perspective, and laws of gravity, and has invented a set of conceptual tools for thinking about and constructing territories in cyberspace. Novak introduces the concept of "liquid architecture”, a fluid, imaginary landscape that exists only in the Digital domain. He views trans-architecture as an exp...

This paper introduces an expanding research frontier in the landscape architecture discipline, landscape performance research, which embraces the scientific dimension of landscape architecture through evidence-based designs that are anchored in quantitative performance assessment. Specifically, this paper summarizes metrics and methods for determining landscape-derived economic benefits that ha...

In higher education research, computer and information technologies are getting increased consideration and attention. These technologies can be integrated into the design education through taking into account a scaffolding mechanism, which will support activities of teaching/learning in a distributed environment. This research presents a digital-based scaffolding geographic information systems...