The most significant social behaviour of the lactating mother is maternal behaviour, which comprises maternal care and maternal aggression (MA). The latter is a protective behaviour of the mother serving to defend the offspring against a potentially dangerous intruder. The extent to which the mother shows aggressive behaviour depends on extrinsic and intrinsic factors, as we have learned from s...

OBJECTIVE To assess the sonographic findings of breast masses in adolescents and the usefulness of sonographic patterns for suggesting a specific diagnosis. METHODS The sonograms and medical records of 57 girls (mean age, 15.4 years) with palpable breast masses were retrospectively reviewed. Three observers reviewed the sonograms for multiple sonographic findings. Surgery or clinical findings...

The aim of this review is to discuss sensory recognition (olfaction, vision, vocalisation, hearing and direct contact) in relation to the ewe-lamb bond, and the relevance of this information for animal management, considering that sensory recognition between ewes and their offspring is a key element of lamb welfare. In some parental care strategies, parents promote recognition of their own youn...

BACKGROUND Lactating mothers from low-income settings are considered as a nutritionally vulnerable group. Due to the nursing process, mothers are subjected to nutritional stresses. Frequent pregnancies followed by lactation increase the health risk of mothers resulting in a high maternal mortality. OBJECTIVE To assess the feeding practices, nutritional status and associated factors of lactati...

We present an atypical presentation of a common pregnancy-related breast mass, a lactating adenoma with imaging and pathologic correlation. The patient presented with a rapidly enlarging left breast mass associated with skin changes and severe pain in the perinatal period. Core biopsies were considered discordant, and the patient went on to surgical excision for the definitive diagnosis of an i...

BACKGROUND The coexistence of under and over nutrition might be influenced by a marked shift in dietary and lifestyle practices of people in developing countries. This study aims to identify factors associated with the occurrence of dual form of malnutrition in the same households in a rural district in Peninsular Malaysia. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted on a 223 mother-child p...

In mammals, lactation is the universal behavior of feeding offspring and has a fundamental nutritional social value with staying near their mothers. order to obtain milk, terrestrial mammal squeeze breast lactating females suckle nipples tongues. specific case cetacean species, it was reported that intentionally eject milk from mammary slit into calves’ mouths. Nursing in sperm whales already b...

Breastfeeding is unquestionably the best nourishment for infants. Current epidemiological as well as experimental evidence has repeatedly demonstrated the nutritional, immunological, and psychosocial benefits attributable to breastfeeding. However, suboptimal breast health may compromise maternal ability to breastfeed and the well-being of breastfeeding infants. Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an...