one of the indicators of post-industrial society and third world countries is the access to the internet. the importance of urban household access to the internet has been so great that it has found a crucial place as one of the basic statistical data on population and housing consensus in developed countries, including the us, uk, australia and canada, and the information related to household ...

Urban redevelopments create opportunities for experimenting with innovative infrastructural solutions towards transformative urban change. Novel such as decentralised infrastructure systems can become essential strategies helping cities meet multiple sustainability outcomes. However, achieving change is a tremendous challenge given the obduracy of these large and complex systems. Assessing moni...

This paper describes an intelligent decision support system (IDSS) dedicated to coordinated management of urban infrastructures (SIGIU). This system identifies the data and related treatments common to several municipal activities and defines the requirements and functionalities of the computer tools developed to improve the delivery, performance and coordination of municipal services to the po...

globalization refers to the increasingly global relationships of culture, people and economic activity. the aspects of globalization can be classified in four dimensions: social and cultural globalization, economic globalization, political globalization and globalization of law. a review of recent urban and regional studies shows that these studies has affected from globalization literature in ...

the present paper aims for the most part to prove the fact that religious and spiritual places and above all, mosques play major roles within islamic urban areas. they are in fact the basis of civil infrastructures. a historical analysis focusing on where mosques stand in islamic urban areas reveals that mosques have always been the center of development and growth and that they must be studied...

Determinant factors of dengue global epidemiology trends include, but are not limited to: 1) demographic changes including population growth, economical trends in tropical countries and land use patterns; 2) increased urban population size and density due to rural to urban migration 3) modern transportation with increased movement of people, commodities, animals, vectors and pathogens; and 4) c...

tehran city has been subject of critical environmental challenges during the course of 20th. century namely: massive population growth, broad expansion, reduction in urban open/green spaces, increasing in energy consumption and waste production. releasing industrial wastewater into river valleys have led to considerable changes in structure of city's natural landscape. the natural structur...

while risk reduction has been mainly addressed by seismologists and engineers by now, the total impact of earthquake greatly depends on urban planning factors. the effects of planning can be considered in the socio economic and physical aspects. urban planning may have a dominant role in various earthquake phases: at the time of earthquake; rescue, and emergency, as well as temporary and perman...