nowadays accountancy of human resources has become one. of the most important issues in the field of maintaining human resources in the organizations. there ate different methods to use for controlling human resource that in this essay the major emphasis has been put on degree of replacement or rotation, absenteeism, and the relationship between employees. in accountancy of human resources the ...

This paper deals with the stability properties of a closed market, where capital and labour force are acting like a predator–prey system in population–dynamics. The spatial movement of the capital and labour force are taken into account by cross–diffusion effect. First, we are showing two possible ways for modeling this system in only one country’s market (applying a simple functional response ...

The share of the population aged 60 and over is projected to increase in nearly every country in the world during the period 2005–50. Population ageing will tend to lower both labour-force participation and savings rates, thereby raising concerns about a future slowing of economic growth. Our calculations suggest that OECD countries are likely to see modest—but not catastrophic—declines in the ...

We evaluate the treatment e¤ect of disability grant program using matching methods. A variety of propensity score matching methods applied, show that, on average, the disability grant program has large and signi…cant e¤ects on lowering labour force participation rates of grant recipients. In particular the General Household Survey data we use show that labour force participation rates of Disabi...

Absenteeism is affected by the sickness benefit system. Countries with generous compensation during sick leaves also experience high numbers of sick leave. Sick leaves may vary over the business cycle due to unemployment disciplining effects or changes in labour force composition. The latter hypothesis maintains that sickness may be pro-cyclical due to employment of “marginal” workers with poor...

recently, most of firms are encouraging to employ informal labour force for reduction of their costs, in order to improve their competitiveness in global markets. these sorts of employees due to decrease labour expenses, thus help to the firm competitiveness, but little training and skill of them decreases competitiveness of firm in global markets. this article studies the effect of flexibility...

This paper investigates the degree of the labour market competition between White and ethnic minority labour using four waves of the British Quarterly Labour Force Survey (1997). The extent of the labour market competition is examined in terms of wage elasticities and elasticities of complementarity using translog production technology. The estimations suggest that ethnic minority labour is com...

Using a panel of 260 Swedish municipalities over the period 1987-1996, this paper investigates the direct displacement e¤ects of active labour market programmes (ALMPs). Compared to earlier studies on this topic, we have more and better data. From our GMM estimations, we ...nd that (i) there are direct displacement e¤ects from those ALMPs that generate subsidised labour (in the order of approxi...

The bulk of research on labour market conditions in Pakistan has concentrated on the economic activity rate, the number of employed persons or the unemployment rate at a particular point in time (Nasir, 2001). These stock measures of labour market situation are useful from a policy viewpoint as they give a broad indication of the dimension of the problem. For instance, the recent labour force s...

Defining Unemployment in Developing Countries: Evidence from Trinidad and Tobago The International Labour Organisation (ILO) argues for relaxing the standard definition of unemployment in developing countries by eliminating the requirement that a person be actively searching for a job. We examine whether such an extension of the standard definition is appropriate in the case of Trinidad and Tob...