The relationship between foreign language anxiety (FLA) and enjoyment (FLE) experienced during a creative collaborative oral English-as-a-foreign-language task, the relationships FLE/FLA task speech fluency were investigated. was performed by mid-intermediate/high-intermediate English learners ( N = 43) in groups culminated 2-minute monologues every participant, breakdown (the ratio length of m...

This study investigated the effect of micro flipped method on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ speaking fluency and compared its with traditional face-to-face teacher-fronted in EFL context Iran. To this end, 40 intermediate-level learners institute were selected through placement test assigned to experimental control groups. The group (non-flipped classroom) was exposed in-class a...

We examined how words from bilingual toddlers' second language (L2) primed recognition of related target words in their first language (L1). On critical trials, prime-target word pairs were either (a) phonologically related, with L2 primes overlapped phonologically with L1 target words [e.g., slide (L2 prime)-Kleid (L1 target, "dress")], or (b) phonologically related through translation, with L...

This study investigates prosody and fluency of Finland Swedish as a second language (L2). The main objective is to investigate global measures predictors overall oral proficiency, fluency, pronunciation ratings. We analyzed parameters related temporal timing (based on syllable durations), f0 change from spontaneous speech produced by 30 native 235 non-native speakers representing proficiency le...

The main purpose of the study reported in this paper was to examine the interrelationships between L2 risk-taking, English learning motivation, L2 speaking anxiety, linguistic confidence, and low-proficiency English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ speaking complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF). A secondary purpose was to test whether task repetition can influence the level of the mentio...

This work reports on the construction of a rated database of spontaneous speech produced by second language (L2) learners of English. Spontaneous speech was collected from 28 L2 speakers representing six language backgrounds and five different proficiency levels. Speech was elicited using formats similar to that of the TOEFL iBT and the SPEAK (Speaking Proficiency English Assessment Kit) test. ...

Willingness to communicate (WTC) has recently been researched as a dynamic variable, with some investigations viewing it complex system (CDS). One important property associated CDS is the notion of attractor states, which are characterized by stable patterns behavior. The present study employed an idiodynamic method monitor per-second WTC changes 20 participants during three-minute speaking tas...

Most learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) consider writing challenging task, and they experience difficulties such organizing thoughts, selecting relevant words to represent their views, producing rhetorical patterns specific the target culture. Research into L2 suggests that collaboration in classroom can assist students set goals, generate ideas, write edit, reflect on task. The ef...

The present study investigates the impact of meaningful input on L2 learners’ vocabulary use and their fluency in oral performance (immediate repeat tasks), as well whether effects are mediated by prior knowledge working memory. Ninety university students learning English a foreign language were randomly assigned to one three groups: (N = 29), repetition 32), no-input (i.e., baseline group) 29)...

  One of the most problematic areas in foreign language learning is collocation. It is often seen as arbitrary and an overwhelming obstacle to the achievement of nativelike fluency. Current second language (L2) instruction research has encouraged the use of collaborative output tasks in L2 classrooms. This study examined the effects of two types of output tasks (editing and cloze) on the learni...