It is well known that the projection of a matrix A onto a Krylov subspace span { h, Ah, Ah, . . . , Ak−1h } results in a matrix of Hessenberg form. We show that the projection of the same matrix A onto an extended Krylov subspace, which is of the form span { A−krh, . . . , A−2h, A−1h,h, Ah, Ah . . . , A`h } , is a matrix of so-called extended Hessenberg form which can be characterized uniquely ...

Atypical hyperplasia of the breast (AH) is associated with increased risk of subsequent invasive breast cancer, yet little is known about the etiology of AH. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) may contribute to the development of AH due to its proliferative effects on mammary tissue. We conducted a nested case-control study of postmenopausal women enrolled in Women's Health ...

BACKGROUND Liver cell injury in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is in part, due to macrophage generated proinflammatory cytokines i.e., M1, M2a, M2b, and M2c might be involved in ALD. The T cell response to chemokines and cytokines differs not only when M1 and M2 macrophages are compared but even when individual M2 subtypes are profiled. PURPOSE In AH, M1 monocytes in the blood show increased sensit...

A k-hypertournament H on n vertices, where 2 ≤ k ≤ n, is a pair H = (V,AH), where V is the vertex set of H and AH is a set of k-tuples of vertices, called arcs, such that for all subsets S ⊆ V of order k, AH contains exactly one permutation of S as an arc. Inspired by the successful extension of classical results for tournaments (i.e. 2-hypertournaments) to hypertournaments, by Gutin and Yeo [J...

The blocking efficacy of 4,9-anhydro-TTX (4,9-ah-TTX) and TTX on several isoforms of voltage-dependent sodium channels, expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, was tested (Na(v1.2), Na(v1.3), Na(v1.4), Na(v1.5), Na(v1.6), Na(v1.7), and Na(v1.8)). Generally, TTX was 40-231 times more effective, when compared with 4,9-ah-TTX, on a given isoform. An exception was Na(v1.6), where 4,9-ah-TTX in nanomol...

Mutations in the LIS1 gene cause lissencephaly, a human neuronal migration disorder. LIS1 binds dynein and the dynein-associated proteins Nde1 (formerly known as NudE), Ndel1 (formerly known as NUDEL), and CLIP-170, as well as the catalytic alpha dimers of brain cytosolic platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). The mechanism coupling the two diverse regulatory pathways remains unkn...

Platelet activating factor (PAF) and PAF-like lipids induce inflammatory responses in target cells. These lipid mediators are inactivated by PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). The PAF signaling system affects the growth of hematopoietic CD34(+) cells, but roles for PAF-AH in this process are unknown. Here, we investigated PAF-AH function during megakaryopoiesis and found that human CD34(+) cells acc...