Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) tools appear to enhance the possibilities offered by a collaborative approach to planning. The present paper analyzes both the results of experiences of the author and of those available in the literature, highlighting possible advantages and disadvantages. After a brief introduction to the meaning of e-democracy, the second part focuses on the role of I...

Regeneration and forest durability guarantee is one of the most important aspects of forest sustainability and it should be placed in forest plans priority. To compare regeneration in the two grazed and non-grazed forest, Baghe-shady forest located in Khatam city (it has the preservative regions that they are 20 years old), Yazd province, Central of Iran was selected. For this purpose, 60 sampl...

This study aims to describe the tradition of Quranic Khataman in graveyard preserved by people North Padang Lawas. research uses a qualitative type with living hadith approach. shows that this is public reception relating remains pilgrims leaving burial area as well reward and prayers from righteous child both parents. There are several hadiths form basis theological references implementation k...

As a tourist destination, West Sumatra will certainly interact directly with foreign cultures. This interaction has the potential to result in emergence of changes and shrinkage pattern traditional community life. study examines enculturation Minangkabau customs by local leaders (Tali Tigo Sapilin). The problems this research are, first, how is process cultural carried out Tali Sapilin's leader...

This paper describes a research approach based on the Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to interpret and understand the Korea’s strategy for the development of the ubiquitous city (u-city). Analyzing empirical materials from u-city development, this study traces and unpacks the interaction occurring around the u-city innovation and also identifies patterns of innovation, concentrating on negotiation a...

operation karbala-5 is one the important and valuable experiences of irgc during the eight-year holy defense. studying and assessing this important and extensive operation from the various strategic, com manding, tactical, and combat angles is very important and valuable as well. in the new copy of negin magazine no. 45, this article (distracted from an archived tape numbered 2666 in the center...

Regeneration and forest durability guarantee is one of the most important aspects of forest sustainability and it should be placed in forest plans priority. To compare regeneration in the two grazed and non-grazed forest, Baghe-shady forest located in Khatam city (it has the preservative regions that they are 20 years old), Yazd province, Central of Iran was selected. For this purpose, 60 sampl...