the end of cold war created a unique opportunity for both the arabs and israelis to end their animosity and for the united states to play an important role to bring them to peace negotiations. therefore, during the 1990s, the u.s. facilitated several rounds of talks between syria and israel, but the negotiations complicated gradually. the talks were stalled over the fact that israel did not wan...

this study explains the formation of islamist discourse in turkey and its impact on its foreign policy (with an emphasis on justice and development party -akp). the findings which are based on discourse analysis of ernesto laclau and chantal mouffe, indicate that the islam-minded modern turkey actors (in akp) could weaken one of the main aspects of kemalist ideology in a democratic and peaceful...

As the number of systems which offer annotations on digital documents increases, robust anchoring of annotations is a key challenge. It is especially important if the annotator lacks write-access to the document being annotated. For example, if someone makes an annotation on a web page today and the web page changes tomorrow, what happens to the annotation? One approach is simply to “orphan” th...

Abstract:This study intends to review Israel's efforts to increase political and economic relations with Arab countries. It is clear that most Arab countries did not have any ties with Israel since the 1980s, and only two Egyptian states had established political relations with Israel since the 1973 war. But over the past few years, and especially after the start of the third millennium, ...