نتایج جستجو برای: keywords income convergence
تعداد نتایج: 2153001 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The paper addresses two problems in the analysis of regional convergence in the European. First, typical convergence studies use data that is only available for some of the regions in the EU. This introduces a selection bias, as the lack of data is likely to be systematically linked to the regional income level. Secondly, the estimation takes the EU regional policy explicitly into account. The ...
Stiglitz (Econometrica 37 (1969) 382) shows income convergence in a many-agent Solow growth model with integrated capital markets (ICM). The many-agent Ramsey model (MARM) without ICM also gives income convergence. With a MARM, equal discount rates, and ICM, convergence of incomes (as opposed to product per capita) cannot occur. These results depend upon fixed saving propensities (Stiglitz) or ...
This paper analyzes the process of real economic convergence in the New Member States (NMS) bein g formerly centrally planned economies, using nonparametric methods instead of conventional parametric measurement tools like beta and sigma models. This methodological framework allows the examining of the relative income distribution in different periods of time, the number of modes of the density...
This paper examines the evidence for regional convergence or catch-up in levels and growth rates of per capita income among the 16 major states in India between 1960 and 1992. The results — estimated using OLS, the within-group LSDV estimator, Re-Weighted Least Squares, and Least Trimmed Squares — establish that unconditional convergence in growth rates does not obtain, but that there is clear ...
20 Years of German Unification: Evidence on Income Convergence and Heterogeneity We analyse the convergence and heterogeneity of living standards between East and West Germany since unification. Based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), we compare total individual income of permanent adult residents, including retirees and the unemployed, of East and West Germany over the fift...
abstract nowadays, industries cannot play a crucial role in national and international competitions. the tourism industry is no exception. tourism industry development as the most important economic sector and income generation is one of the key challenges of economic development in the world. therefore, countries were successful that take advantage of the capabilities of tourism sector using ...
A hierarchical framework is proposed to address the issues of modeling different type of words in keyword spotting (KWS). Keyword models are built at various levels according to the availability of training set resources for each individual word. The proposed approach improves the performance of KWS even when no training speech is available for the keywords. It also suggests an easier way to co...
boolean byte class double else extends final finally float if implements int interface long native new private public return short static super synchronized this throw throws transient try void volatile while ( ) [ ] { } ; , . = Figure 1: Java keywords.
نمودار تعداد نتایج جستجو در هر سال
با کلیک روی نمودار نتایج را به سال انتشار فیلتر کنید