Evidence of biochemical and geochemical evolution was sought in insoluble carbonaceous matter from 30 selected pre-Phanerozoic sediments ranging in age from about 3.8 to about 0.7 x 10(9) years. The carbon isotope ratios observed were in the range of -20 to -32 per mil with reference to the Peedee belemnite standard, similar to those previously reported. No systematic trends are obvious to us. ...

The Kazhdumi Formation of the Bangestan Group is a well-known and important source rock in most oil-fields in the Zagros Basin. In order to examine productivity of this formation in southwestern Iran, and to correlate petrographical and palynological data with geochemical properties, one of the best outcrops of this formation, located in Tange-Maghar 45 km northwest of Behbahan city, was sampl...

Preparative open pyrolysis products of kerogen isolated from a Holocene microbial mat collected in Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) contain homologous series of monomethylalkanes (MMAs, C16±C29). The isomer and carbon number distributions of these branched alkanes closely match those of MMAs in ancient sediments and oils. It is proposed that monomethylalkanes in oils and in thermally mature anc...

This paper aims to study the geochemical characteristics of shale of Disang group of Eocene age. Geochemical study and the data reported indicate that Shales are deposited under the marine condition. Tectonic setting was active continental margin to passive continental margin and sediments were derived from volcanic and/or granitic source area. Study reveals that Source-rating of studied shale ...

The molecular and isotopic composition of biomarkers in initial bitumen isolated from immature (0.41% Rr) oil shale samples (Aleksinac deposit) liquid products obtained by pyrolysis open (OS) closed (CS) systems are studied. influence type variations kerogen on their signatures is determined. applicability type, numerous carbon compositions (?13C) n-alkanes pyrolysates established. Pyrolysis ex...

Nuclear Renewable Oil Shale Systems (NROSS) are a class of large Hybrid Energy Systems in which nuclear reactors provide the primary energy used to produce shale oil from kerogen deposits and also provide flexible, dispatchable electricity to the grid. Kerogen is solid organic matter trapped in sedimentary shale, and the formations of kerogen oil shale in the western United States are the large...

The reactivity of organic molecules in hot water is a field of chemistry developing from studies aimed at understanding how organic matter (kerogen) forms in natural environments and then breaks down into energy source materials. In natural systems where kerogens are depolymerized, water is ubiquitous and hot and usually contains salt and minerals. Reactions such as cleavages and hydrolyses in ...

14C is an overwhelming background in low-background underground experiments, to the point where the observation of the all-important (pp) neutrinos from the Sun can not be observed in carbon-containing experiments. This paper shows that 14C purity can be improved by four orders of magnitude by a careful selection of the gas field. Two large reduction factors are at work: the low chemical affini...