Market prices are well known to efficiently collect and aggregate diverse information regarding the value of commodities and assets. The role of markets has been particularly suitable to pricing financial securities. This article provides an alternative application of the pricing mechanism to marketing research using pseudo-securities markets to measure preferences over new product concepts. Su...

We describe a quantitative theory to account for the computations performed by the feedforward path of the ventral stream of visual cortex and the local circuits implementing them. We show that a model instantiating the theory is capable of performing recognition on datasets of complex images at the level of human observers in rapid categorization tasks. We also show that the theory is consiste...

Solutions of learning problems by Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) – and almost-ERM when the minimizer does not exist – need to be consistent, so that they may be predictive. They also need to be well-posed in the sense of being stable, so that they might be used robustly. We propose a statistical form of stability, defined as leave-one-out (LOO) stability. We prove that for bounded loss class...

The visual recognition of complex movements and actions is crucial for communication and survival in many species. Remarkable sensitivity and robustness of biological motion perception have been demonstrated in psychophysical experiments. In recent years, neurons and cortical areas involved in action recognition have been identified in neurophysiological and imaging studies. However, the detail...

We describe a quantitative theory to account for the computations performed by the feedforward path of the ventral stream of visual cortex and the local circuits implementing them. We show that a model instantiating the theory is capable of performing recognition on datasets of complex images at the level of human observers in rapid categorization tasks. We also show that the theory is consiste...

Introduction: Specific absorption ratio (SAR) measurement is not available for in-vivo human subjects. MRI scanner manufacturers and most national committees (e.g. FDA) support evaluation of SAR using numerical simulation. The transmit performance of UHF MRI coils benefits from a dual-row array configuration [1]. However, it is hard to assess the safety of such coils because of the difficulty i...

In this paper, we analyze the limiting behavior of the weighted least squares problem minx∈<n Pp i=1 kDi(Aix − bi)k2, where each Di is a positive definite diagonal matrix. We consider the situation where the magnitude of the weights are drastically different block-wisely so that max(D1) ≥ min(D1) À max(D2) ≥ min(D2) À max(D3) ≥ . . . À max(Dp−1) ≥ min(Dp−1)À max(Dp). Here max(·) and min(·) repr...

The HMAX model has recently been proposed by Riesenhuber & Poggio [15] as a hierarchical model of positionand size-invariant object recognition in visual cortex. It has also turned out to model successfully a number of other properties of the ventral visual stream (the visual pathway thought to be crucial for object recognition in cortex), and particularly of (view-tuned) neurons in macaque inf...

A new paradigm of the evolving computational intelligence systems (ECIS) is introduced in a generic framework of the knowledge and data integration (KDI). This generalization of the recent advances in the development of evolving fuzzy and neuro-fuzzy models and the more analytical angle of consideration through the prism of knowledge evolution as opposed to the usually used datacentred approach...