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When Jerusalem fell in the Battle of Hattin in 1187, a drastic shift occurred in Crusading mentality that had repercussions throughout Europe. Since the call of the First Crusade in 1095 by Pope Urban II, the fundamental motivator and goal of the movement was Jerusalem.AcrossWestern Europe, mobilization occurred in kings and peasants alike. Enthusiasm swept through the classes, leading to massi...

This article focuses on culture and rule of law in Indonesia, which provides an excellent case study in colonialism and post-colonialism. The colonial heritage of the Indonesian islands goes back to the early 1500s and lasted for approximately four centuries (Schultz 2002:144145) until independence was declared in August 1945 (GoGwilt 1996: 158). This Earth of Mankind by Pramoedya Ananta Toer i...

The holy grail of obesity research is a simple, single solution that could stem the tide of this epidemic. But research we published in PLOS ONE today shows that this is an implausible, if not impossible, goal. Disciplines Medicine and Health Sciences | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication Details Jenkins, A. & Campbell, L. (2013). Genetic research shows single approach to obesity won't w...

We study the effect of quantum fluctuations on the multiphase point of the Heisenberg model with firstand second-neighbor competing interactions and strong uniaxial spin anisotropy D. By studying the structure of perturbation theory we show that the multiphase degeneracy which exists for S=∞ (i.e., for the axial nextnearest-neighbor Ising model) is lifted and that the effect of quantum fluctuat...

The transition from residency to independent practice presents unique challenges for physicians. New attending physicians often have unmet learning needs in non-clinical domains. An attending physician is an independent medical practitioner, sometimes referred to as a staff physician or consultant. Peer mentorship has been explored as an alternative to traditional mentorship to meet the learnin...

The decision of whether to rent or own a home should involve an evaluation of the relative risks and the relative costs of the two options. It is often assumed that renting is less risky than homeownership, but that is not always the case. Which option is riskier depends on the risk source and household characteristics. This article provides a framework for understanding the sources of risk for...

This study generalizes the test performed by Simar and Zelenyuk (2007) to examine differences in the technical efficiency among (Formula presented.) groups within an industry (where (Formula presented.)). For this purpose, the (Formula presented.) groups are divided into pairs and each group is compared with all other (Formula presented.) groups. The (Formula presented.) groups can then be clas...

Using a simple model for low-lying positive-parity resonances in 13Be as 10Be x (sd)3 and 12Be1p x (sd), I find that the lowest 5/2+ state is predominantly (sd)3. I give predictions for several additional states. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Physics Comments Fortune, H. T. (2013). Unraveling the structure of 13Be. Physical Review C, 87(1), 014305. doi: 10.1103/ PhysRevC.87.01...

The widespread disaffection of students from school is manifested in academic failure, indifference, and defiance. These problems can be alleviated, I argue, when an authority structure is developed that combines three components – freedom, power, and legitimacy. Authority understood as either power or freedom is apt to subvert students’ school attachment even while attempting to strengthen it;...