Bright betatron x-ray has been generated using an Ar clustering gas jet target irradiated with a 3 TW ultra-high contrast laser. The measured emission flux with photon energy > 2.4 keV reaches 2×10 8 photons/shot. It is ten-fold enhancement comparing to the emission flux produced by using gas target in the same laser parameters. Observation shows that much larger electron beam charge and diverg...

The 〈V/Vmax〉 of the cosmological X-ray flashes detected by Wide Field Cameras on BeppoSAX is calculted theoretically in a simple jet model. The total emission energy from the jet is assumed to be constant. We find that if the jet opening half-angle is smaller than 0.03 radian, the theoretical 〈V/Vmax〉 is less than ∼ 0.4, which is consistent with the recently reported observational value of 0.27...

Collapsars are fast-spinning, massive stars, whose core collapse liberates an energy, that can be channeled in the form of ultrarelativistic jets. These jets transport the energy from the collapsed core to large distances, where it is dissipated in the form of long-duration gamma-ray bursts. In this paper we study the dynamics of ultrarelativistic jets produced in collapsars. Also we extrapolat...

Propane combustion in a trapped vortex combustor (TVC) is characterized via large eddy simulation coupled with filtered mass density function. A computational algorithm based on high order finite difference (FD) schemes, is employed to solve the Eulerian filtered compressible Navier-Stokes equations. In contrast, a Lagrangian Monte-Carlo solver based on the filtered mass density function is inv...

Jet injection was developed in the 1940’s, conceived by Robert Hingson and invented by Oscar Banker, to vaccinate billions of people who needed immunizations with the speed of a machine gun. The results proved convincing as, by 1990, no more smallpox epidemics were reported by the Center for Disease Control [1,2]. Jet injection became more popular afterwards among veterinarians. Despite more th...

The possibility that long gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets are structured receives growing attention recently, and we have suggested that most GRBs and their softer, less energetic fraternity, X-ray flashes (XRFs), can be understood within a quasi-universal structured jet picture, given that the jet structure of each individual burst is a Gaussian or similar function. Here we perform a global test on...

The possibility that long gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets are structured receives growing attention recently, and we have suggested that most GRBs and their softer, less energetic fraternity, X-ray flashes (XRFs), can be understood within a quasi-universal structured jet picture, given that the jet structure for each individual burst is a Gaussian or similar function. Here we perform a global test o...

We numerically compute light and polarization curves of γ-ray burst afterglows for various configurations of the jet structure and for different dynamical evolutions. We consider a standard homogeneous jet and a structured jet with power-law wings. We show that the lightcurves from these two configurations are very similar to each other, and therefore only very high quality data could allow us ...

OBJECTIVES To clinically evaluate the jet injection Injex (Rösch AG Medizintechnik) using 2 different anesthetic solutions, and to compare the jet injection and the standard needle injection techniques. METHOD AND MATERIALS Of the 32 patients in the study, 10 received mepivacaine 3% anesthetic solution by means of the jet injection technique, while the remaining 22 patients received lidocaine...