Keywords: KP–BBM-II equations Crank–Nicholson method Finite difference scheme Convergence Stability a b s t r a c t In this paper, the finite difference method is employed to solve Kadomtsev–Petviashvili– Benjamin–Bona–Mahony II (KP–BBM-II) partial differential equations. The time and space variable are discretized by the Crank–Nicholson method and the central-difference scheme, respectively. T...

Offshore structures provide habitat that could facilitate species range expansions and the introduction of non-native species into new geographic areas. Surveys of assemblages of seven offshore oil and gas platforms in the Santa Barbara Channel revealed a change in distribution of the non-native sessile invertebrate Watersipora subtorquata, a bryozoan with a planktonic larval duration (PLD) of ...

This paper examines the unified dissipative performance of Offshore Steel Jacket Platforms (OSJPs) which include actuator failures and probabilistic delays, through a resilient reliable sampled-data controller. In detail, random variables fetching Bernoulli distribution are treated in particular for stochastic time-delays. By implementing Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions(LKF) together with Second ...

many of the oil and gas platforms off california harbor high densities of young-ofthe-year (YoY) fishes, primarily rockfishes (genus Sebastes). one decommissioning option for these platforms is “topping,” cutting the structure some distance below the water line and leaving the rest of the jacket in place. Questions have arisen regarding how this option would affect the nursery function of the r...