Social (or folksonomic) tagging has become a very popular way to describe content within Web 2.0 websites. Unlike taxonomies, which overimpose a hierarchical categorisation of content, folksonomies enable end-users to freely create and choose the categories (in this case, tags) that best describe some content. However, as tags are informally defined, continually changing, and ungoverned, social...

Entropies such as the Shannon /Wiener and Gini /Simpson indices are not themselves diversities. Conversion of these to effective number of species is the key to a unified and intuitive interpretation of diversity. Effective numbers of species derived from standard diversity indices share a common set of intuitive mathematical properties and behave as one would expect of a diversity, while raw i...

The paper investigates communities in Nigeria specifica ecosystem with the aim of generating baseline information on the similarity and diversity of emerging plant species. Hence the Jaccard Index of similarity and diversity was used to assess the variable nature of observed post remediation soil recovery sites. The study shows that the comparative analysis using the Jaccard successio 38.08% si...

This paper proposes a new measure for recommendation through integrating Triangle and Jaccard similarities. The Triangle similarity considers both the length and the angle of rating vectors between them, while the Jaccard similarity considers non co-rating users. We compare the new similarity measure with eight state-of-the-art ones on four popular datasets under the leave-one-out scenario. Res...

n-grams have been used widely and successfully for approximate string matching in many areas. s-grams have been introduced recently as an n-gram based matching technique, where di-grams are formed of both adjacent and non-adjacent characters. s-grams have proved successful in approximate string matching across language boundaries in Information Retrieval (IR). s-grams however lack precise defin...

In this paper, we present a comparison of collocation-based similarity measures: Jaccard, Dice and Cosine similarity measures for the proper selection of additional search terms in query expansion. In addition, we consider two more similarity measures: average conditional probability (ACP) and normalized mutual information (NMI). ACP is the mean value of two conditional probabilities between a ...

Detection of fake accounts on social networks is a challenging process. The previous methods in identification of fake accounts have not considered the strength of the users’ communications, hence reducing their efficiency. In this work, we are going to present a detection method based on the users’ similarities considering the network communications of the users. In the first step, similarity ...

Coronavirus Disease 2019 or known as COVID-19 is a new disease that can cause respiratory problems and pneumonia. This caused by infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Me 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Some of the clinical symptoms appear vary, ranging from such influenza, cough, cold, throat pain, muscle aches, headaches to those serious complications pneumonia sepsis. research build case-based rea...