The genus Ranunculus L., with a worldwide distribution, is the largest member of the Ranunculaceae. Here, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data and chloroplast trnLF sequence data were used to analyze phylogenetic relationships among members of the annual and perennial (Group Praemorsa, Group Rhizomatosa, Group Grumosa and Group non-Grumosa) species of Ranunculus...

In the present study, the terrestrial isopods of the family Cylisticidae in Iran are investigated. Geographical distributions of two formerly reported species from Iran, namely Cylisticoides angulatus Schmalfuss, 2003 and Cylisticus rotundifrons (Schmalfuss, 1986), are expanded. Cylisticus masalicus sp. n. is described and its diagnostic characters are figured.

A new species of freshwater crab, Sodhiana iranica n. sp. (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae), is described from Bastak, Iran. This is fourth species of Sodhiana Yeo & Ng, 2012, described, and is the second one known from Iran. It can be distinguished from congeners by the form of its carapace and the structure of the male first gonopod.

ON 6 November 2003, the International Court of Justice delivered its long-awaited judgment in Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America). The judgment raises important issues relating to both jurisdiction and the law governing the use of force. By way of background, the Court was seised of a claim by Iran and a counterclaim by the USA alleging breaches of their 1955 bi...

This paper focuses on the performance of Iwan as one of the significant spaces in the traditional architecture of Iran. The aim of this study is to investigate on the role of Iwan in sustainability enhancement of traditional houses of different climatic regions of Iran. Iwan is considered as a semi-open space, which its form and location in the building highly depends to the climatic situation ...

Hepatitis C infection has come to the top of virus-induced liver diseases in many parts of the world. In Iran, it seems that its prevalence in general population is less than 1%, which is much lower than in most of the regional countries. However, the infection is emerging mostly due to problem of intravenous drug abuse and needle-sharing in the country. On the other hand, an increase in number...

Recently, arithmetic coding has attracted the attention of many scholars because of its high compression capability. Accordingly, in this paper, a method that adds secrecy to this well-known source code is proposed. Finite state arithmetic code is used as source code to add security. Its finite state machine characteristic is exploited to insert some random jumps during source coding process. I...

BACKGROUND No data is available on morphology and genetic characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus derived from donkeys of Iran, despite of its existence in donkeys. In the present study morphometric variations of the rostellar hooks of protoscoleces and genotype characteristics of hydatid cyst of donkey from Iran were determined. METHODS Protoscoleces prepared from hydatid cyst of donkey o...