in fact, this study focused on the following questions: 1. is there any difference between the effect of functional/notional approach and the structural approaches to language teaching on the proficiency test of efl learners? 2. can a rather innovative language test referred to as "functional test" ge devised so so to measure the proficiency test of efl learners, and thus be as much reliable an...

in this thesis, a structured hierarchical methodology based on petri nets is used to introduce a task model for a soccer goalkeeper robot. in real or robot soccer, goalkeeper is an important element which has a key role and challenging features in the game. goalkeeper aims at defending goal from scoring goals by opponent team, actually to prevent the goal from the opponent player’s attacks. thi...

translation studies have become an accepted academic subject and books, journals and doctoral dissertations appear faster than one can read them all (bassnet and lefevere, 1990). but this field also brought with itself so many other issues which needed to be investigated more, in the heart of which, issues like ideology, ethics, culture, bilingualism and multilingualism. it is reported that ove...

abstract poor reading comprehension can result in failure in using references, benefiting from professional gatherings and resources, keeping up with the growing body of knowledge in the virtual world of the internet, and failing to achieve in efl programs. the purpose of the present quasi-experimental study was to explore the effects of background knowledge and previewing narrative and expos...

Introduction: Knowledge is an essential element of an organization to achieve competitive advantage and maximum results. At present, the implementation of knowledge management in the field of medicine and public health management to establish a research-based health center is a very important issue. In this regard, cybernetic management seeks to eliminate traditional and inefficient structures ...

Background and aims: Today, the safety culture in the High-Reliability Organizations (HRO) across various industries of a country is described as a long-term competitive advantage that can be considered as a factor in preventing costly events for organizations and countries. Therefore, promoting safety culture in such organizations can be weighed up as one of the main concerns of the organizati...