Bacterial DNA and its synthetic immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide analogs (ISS-ODN) activate innate immunity and promote Th1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune responses. Based on these activities, we investigated whether ISS-ODN could modify the course of Mycobacterium avium infection. M. avium growth in vitro was significantly inhibited by ISS-ODN treatment of human and mouse macrophages,...

Abstract The problem of input-to-state stability (ISS) and its integral version (iISS) are considered for switched nonlinear systems with inputs, resets possibly unstable subsystems. For the dissipation inequalities associated Lyapunov function each subsystem, it is assumed that supply functions, which characterize decay rate ISS/iISS gains subsystems, nonlinear. change in value functions at sw...

We consider the problem of achieving disturbance attenuation in the ES and integral-ES sense for nonlinear systems with bounded controls. For the ISS case we derive a “universal” formula which ext,ends an earlier result of Lin and Sontag to systems with disturbances. For the integral-ISS case we give two constructions, one resulting in a smooth control law and the other in a switching control l...

Stature is a highly heritable trait under both polygenic and major gene control. We aimed to identify genetic regions linked to idiopathic short stature (ISS) in childhood, through a whole genome scan in 92 families each with two affected children with ISS, including constitutional delay of growth and puberty and familial short stature. Linkage analysis was performed for ISS, height and bone ag...

Spacecraft charging on the International Space Station (ISS) is caused by a complex combination of the low Earth orbit plasma environment, space weather events, operations of the high voltage solar arrays, and changes in the ISS configuration and orbit parameters. Measurements of the ionospheric electron density and temperature along the ISS orbit and variations in the ISS electric potential ar...

In this paper we will extend the input-to-state stability (ISS) framework to continuous-time discontinuous dynamical systems adopting Filippov’s solution concept and using non-smooth ISS Lyapunov functions. The main motivation for adopting non-smooth ISS Lyapunov functions is that “multiple Lyapunov functions” are commonly used in the stability theory for hybrid systems. We will show that the e...

We prove characterizations of input-to-state stability (ISS) for a large class of infinite-dimensional control systems, including some classes of evolution equations over Banach spaces, time-delay systems, ordinary differential equations (ODE), switched systems. These characterizations generalize wellknown criteria of ISS, proved by Sontag and Wang for ODE systems. For the special case of diffe...

The association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) gene and susceptibility to idiopathic short stature (ISS) was investigated. Seven hundred and twelve Chinese children clinically diagnosed with ISS and 575 normal individuals were recruited between 2008 and 2011, and their SNPs were genotyped. Preliminary screening revealed that ...

The construction of an input-to-state stability (ISS) Lyapunov function for networks of ISS system will be presented. First we construct ISS Lyapunov functions for each strongly connected component, then what remains is a cascade (or disconnected aggregation) of these strongly connected components. Using known results the constructed Lyapunov functions can be aggregated to one single ISS Lyapun...

We consider strongly connected networks of input-to-state stable (ISS) systems. Provided a small gain condition holds it is shown how to construct an ISS Lyapunov function using ISS Lyapunov functions of the subsystems. The construction relies on two steps: The construction of a strictly increasing path in a region defined on the positive orthant in R by the gain matrix and the combination of t...