Los autores han informado previamente, que en ratollcillos infectados por via intravenosa con M. leprae murium, y tratados con isoniazid continuamente por 180 dias, hubo una supresion casi total en I~ multiplicacion de los microorganismos. Ahora se ha descubierto, sinembargo, que si el tratamiento se continua indefinidamente estos ani males muer en antes de un ano con tantos bacilos en los orga...

OBJECTIVES The pharmacodynamics of tuberculosis (TB) treatment should be further explored, to prevent emergence of resistance, treatment failure and relapse of infection. The diagnostic drug susceptibility tests guiding TB therapy investigate metabolically active Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates under static conditions and as such are not informative with respect to the time-kill kinet...

BACKGROUND Drug resistance substantially increases tuberculosis (TB) mortality. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of mycobacterial drug resistance pattern and association of common resistance patterns with TB mortality in Thailand. METHOD A retrospective cohort study was conducted using TB surveillance data. A total of 9,518 culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB patients registered from 1...

Within a few months of the introduction of isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide) in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, reports appeared of the frequent and rapid emergence of isoniazidresistant bacteria when the drug was used alone (Medical Research Council, 1952; Ferebee and Long, 1953; Lotte and Poussier, 1953; U.S. Veterans Administration, 1953). In view of earlier experience with st...

BACKGROUND There is an urgent demand for rapid and accurate drug-susceptibility testing for the detection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The GenoType MTBDRplus assay is a promising molecular kit designed for rapid identification of resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of GenoType M...

The marked reduction in the potent early bactericidal activity of isoniazid during the initial phase of antituberculosis (anti-TB) therapy has been attributed not only to the depletion of logarithmically growing bacilli but also to the emergence of isoniazid resistance. We studied the anti-TB activity of isoniazid and its ability to select for drug-resistant mutant strains in guinea pigs, in wh...

Resistance to isoniazid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be mediated by substitution of alanine for serine 94 in the InhA protein, the drug's primary target. InhA was shown to catalyze the beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-specific reduction of 2-trans-enoyl-acyl carrier protein, an essential step in fatty acid elongation. Kinetic analyses suggested that isoniazid resistance is due...

BACKGROUND The molecular prediction of isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is hampered by the need for specialized equipment, expertise, high costs, a limited range of detectable mutations, or several of these factors. The rationale for the study was to find a practical alternative and to demonstrate generally valid problems. METHODS AND RESULTS DNA extracted from deconta...

Kazakhstan is one of the 14 countries with a high rate of morbidity due to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) in WHO European region. The aim of our study was to characterize mutations associated with drug resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Kazakhstan. M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from TB patients in different regions of Kazakhstan...

During 1987-1996, over 22,000 tuberculosis cases were reported in Texas, at an average annual incidence rate of 12.5 cases per 100,000 population. Counties with the highest rates were located along the Mexico-Texas border and in northwestern Texas. Nine percent of cases were resistant to at least one of the five first-line antituberculosis drugs used for treatment. Almost 5 percent (4.6%) were ...