Detection of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been reported from commercial chicken farms in different provinces of Iran. In some reports the phylogenetic analysis of MS isolates based on 16S rRNA and variable lipoprotein hemagglutinin (vlhA) genes have been carried out. The PCR product containing partial 16S rRNA genes of Iranain isolates was sequence...

Different species of Trichoderma especially T. harzianum (Th2 biotype in Europe and Th4 in America) considered as causal agent of green mould disease on button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) casing beds. In this study, 100 fungal isolates were collected and purified from different mushroom growing units in Tehran province and Urmia (NW Iran). Totally, 60 isolates of T. harzianum, 27 isolates of T...

Background: There is a growing concern on the impact of the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from animals on public health. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of three classes of ESBL genes in E. coli isolates from sheep and broilers at a slaughter in Urmia region, Iran. METHODS: A total of 111 E. coli isolates w...

Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains several important nutrients including proteins and vitamins. Conversely, it can be a vehicle for several pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of genes encoding the nine Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and enterotoxin gene profiles in S. aureus isolates derived from raw bovine milk....

Background and Aims: The rate of urinary tract infection caused by the extended-spectrum-β-lactamase- (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) is increasing worldwide. This study aimed to assess the frequency of blaCTX-M genes in the E. coli isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) in outpatients. Methods: 240 E. coli bacteria were isolated from the outpatients’ urine samples in the Kerma...

In order to evaluate pistachio contamination to Aspergillus flavus in Semnan province; samples of pistachio kernels were collected from the last processing pistachio stage in traditional and semi-mechanized processing plants in 2010. They were examined for the presence A. flavus fungi. The samples were cultured on AFPA media. All plate were incubated for 3 to 7 days. At the end of incubation pe...

Background: Salmonella is one of the most important zoonotic agents known to infect humans and a wide range of animals, including poultry. Salmonella Infantis has been one of the 15 most frequently isolated serovars throughout the world. Despite its clinical importance, little is known about the molecular characteristics of S. Infantis strains from Iran. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study wa...

Background: The virulence of a pathogenic Vibrio cholerae is dependent on a discrete set of genetic determinants. In this study, we determined the distribution of virulence determinants among the clinical and environmental isolates of V. cholerae. Methods: The antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates were determined using standard disk diffusion assay. PCR assay was performed to analyze t...

Introduction: Recentlly, resistance to antibiotics has increased and antibiotic-resistant strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have emerged among Enterobacteriaceae, mainly in Escherichia coli (E. coli). In this study we aimed to determine phenotypic and genotypic ESBL production in isolated E. coli from women with urinary tract infection (UTI). Materials and Methods: In...

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a bacterium found on the skin and hair of people and animals. S. aureus could product some extracellular protein. Materials and methods: One hundred and fifty S. aureus isolates that were collected from different resources were screened for the mecA, tst-1, eta and etb genes by PCR. 50 isolates were selected from human staphylococcal isolates ...