Benjamin Heath is a second-year graduate student at the Monterey Institute of International Studies. As a graduate research assistant at the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Heath focuses on domestic preparedness issues within the Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorism Project. Within the Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project, Heath researches and analyzes the chemical and...

Trauma Research Center, Department of Anesthesia, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran We read with interest the article ‘‘Emergency Nursing Staff Dispatch: Sensitivity and Specificity in Detecting Prehospital Need for Physician Intervention During Ambulance Transport in Rovigo Emergency Ambulance Service, Italy’’ by Leopardi and Sommacampagna. Regarding th...

Introduction: To systematically review high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of use of ibuprofen and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for pain control during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. Materials and methods: A web-based systematic search of PubMed and Medline database using relevant keywords was performed in August 2016 limited to the En...

OBJECTIVE Reliable information on the pattern, level and trend of mortality is essential for evidence-based policy to improve health. Various sources of mortality data in the Islamic Republic of Iran have not been critically assessed. This paper aims to document and evaluate the completeness of the different data sources on mortality and to estimate the level and trends of mortality over the pa...

Iran and blogging. Most of us, when encountering the relationship between the two, would probably think about conservatism and the extent of repression in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Arrests of some prominent Iranian bloggers, such as Hussein Derakshan, popularised through the Western media would also spring to mind. But not many of us would know that Persian is one of the most used languages...

1 M.Sc student, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2 Department of Chemistry, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran 3 Ph.D Student, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran 4 Ph.D Student, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 5 Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran,...

The Islamic Republic of Iran has a long history of medicine. The principles derived from core Islamic teachings provide a comprehensive moral, ethical, and legal framework for the practice of medicine. The issue of brain death has significant impact on the procurement of organs from cadavers. It is a major subject of debate and interest to bioscientists, legal experts, religious scholars, and t...

1Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran (Correspondence to F. Shidfar: [email protected]). 2Department of Nutrition, School of Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. 3Memorial Hospital, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America. Received: 24/09/03; accep...

1National Reference Laboratory of Iran, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre, Biochemistry Trace Elements Analysis Laboratory, Bou-Ali Hospital, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran (Correspondence to M. Aliasgharpour: [email protected]). 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Received: 09/02/04; accepted: 17/...

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between urbanization and risk factors of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) according to the World Health Organization stepwise approach to surveillance of NCDs. This study is part of a NCD risk factor surveillance of 10 069 individuals in all provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, aged over 20 years, during 2011. By utilizing 2011 census da...