purpose: to report tonic pupil in a patient with ocular siderosis. case report: a 12-year-old male patient presented with over-sized right pupil from two weeks before. visual acuity (va) was 10/10 in both eyes without afferent pupillary defect. anisocoria was present with the right and left pupils, measuring 5 and 3 mm in diameter, respectively. anisocoria was greater in bright light and there ...

We explain in detail how to expose and conduct electrophysiological recordings of synaptic responses for high (phasic) and low (tonic) output motor neurons innervating the extensor muscle in the walking leg of a crayfish. Distinct differences are present in the physiology and morphology of the phasic and tonic nerve terminals. The tonic axon contains many more mitochondria, enabling it to take ...

Word-level prosody plays an important role in processes of consonant lenition. Typically, consonants word-initial position are strengthened while those word-medial lenited (Keating, Cho, Fougeron, & Hsu, 2003). In this paper we examine the relationship between word-prosodic and obstruent lenition a spontaneous speech corpus Yoloxóchitl Mixtec, endangered Mixtecan language spoken Mexico. The exh...

the term reflex epilepsy in reserved for a small subgroup o seizures that occur regularly in response to specific stimuli. our patient is a 20- year old male, who had pleasure, euphoria, loss of conciousness and generalized tonic- clonic convulstion when he watched tv since ten years. during puberty the patient that self-induced reflex epilepsy with photic stimulation, when watching tv or looki...

Neurological effects of Valeriana officinalis have been recognized for many years. In this study, the anticonvulsant activity of methanolic extract of the plant were investigated in mice. Picrotoxin with doses of 6 and 12.5 mg/kg were used for induction of seizures. The effects of different doses of methanolic extract of the plant on the variation of beginning time of seizures, the incidence of...