Inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)R) are intracellular Ca(2+) channels that are regulated by Ca(2+) and IP(3), and are modulated by many additional signals. They thereby allow both receptors that stimulate IP(3) formation and Ca(2+) to control release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores. IP(3)Rs share many features with their close relatives, ryanodine receptors; each provides insi...

Industrial instrumentation makers have repeatedly grappled with questions of how and when to utilize IP-based interconnects – which have in their favor widespread commercial adoption, rapid development cycles, and broad interoperability – in place of their more traditional, often proprietary industrial counterparts. Ethernet led the way as an alternative to RS-485 and other multidrop buses, and...

Ca²⁺ release into the cytosol through inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP₃Rs) plays a relevant role in numerous physiological processes. IP₃R-mediated Ca²⁺ signals involve Ca²⁺-induced Ca²⁺-release (CICR) whereby Ca²⁺ release through one open IP₃R induces the opening of other channels. IP₃Rs are apparently organized in clusters. The signals can remain localized (i.e., Ca²⁺ puffs) if CICR...

s | 47 Experiment 2. FSL and FRL animals received single injections of CBD (10 or 30 mg/Kg, ip), ketamine (10 mg/Kg, ip) or vehicle and were submitted to the forced swimming test (FST) 1h later. Results: Experiment 1. Acute treatment with CBD (30 mg/Kg) immediately after the pretest, but not with imipramine, significantly reduced the number of escape failures during the test, an antidepressant-...

s | 47 Experiment 2. FSL and FRL animals received single injections of CBD (10 or 30 mg/Kg, ip), ketamine (10 mg/Kg, ip) or vehicle and were submitted to the forced swimming test (FST) 1h later. Results: Experiment 1. Acute treatment with CBD (30 mg/Kg) immediately after the pretest, but not with imipramine, significantly reduced the number of escape failures during the test, an antidepressant-...

Gallstones can cause acute pancreatitis, an often fatal disease in which the pancreas digests itself. This is probably because of biliary reflux into the pancreatic duct and subsequent bile acid action on the acinar cells. Because Ca(2+) toxicity is important for the cellular damage in pancreatitis, we have studied the mechanisms by which the bile acid taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (TLC-S) li...

In atrial myocytes lacking t-tubules, action potential triggers junctional Ca(2+) releases in the cell periphery, which propagates into the cell interior. The present article describes growing evidence on atrial local Ca(2+) signaling and on the functions of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)Rs) in atrial myocytes, and show our new findings on the role of IP(3)R subtype in the regula...

Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)Rs) and ryanodine receptors (RyRs) often coexist within the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) membrane and coordinate precise spatial and temporal coding of Ca(2+) signals in most animal cells. Xestospongin C (XeC) was shown to selectively block IP(3)-induced Ca(2+) release and IP(3)R-mediated signaling (Gafni et al., 1997). We have further ...