BACKGROUND Intravenous drug abuse is often associated with poor adherence to anti-retroviral drugs in HIV/AIDS. Very few studies in Pakistan have determined implications of intravenous drug abuse on anti-retroviral drug compliance in HIV/AIDS patients. The objectives of the study were to assess and compare the adherence to anti-retroviral drugs in intravenous drug users (IDUs) and non-intraveno...

Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is defined as a technique of general anaesthesia using a combination of agents given solely by the intravenous route and in the absence of inhalational agents. This article reviews the indications, advantages and disadvantages, principle, mode of administration, clinical techniques and drugs used for TIVA. Total intravenous anesthesia, or TIVA, can provide a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stroke following the intravenous injection of drugs may be secondary to the direct effect of the substance itself or from embolization by the inert vehicle used in the manufacturing process of the drug. CASE DESCRIPTION We describe a 39-year-old man who developed a left homonymous hemianopia after intravenous injection of a melted suppository. CONCLUSIONS Paradoxical ...

Purpose Antiviral drugs are standard treatment for chronic hepatitis B. In traditional Chinese medicine practice, administration of drugs through acupuncture point (acupoint) is considered better than intramuscular injection or intravenous infusion. In this review, we evaluated comparative effects and safety of antiviral drugs through acupoint injection versus other administration for treatment...

Aseptic meningitis can be caused by viruses, drugs, and connective tissue disorders. The most common drugs causing it include antibiotics like trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), intravenous immunoglobulins, intrathecal agents, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies. A patient who had aseptic meningitis from three different NSAIDs including rofecoxib is p...

Introduction This study investigates the drug selection and dispensing behaviour of hospital pharmacists of intravenous iron products including iron sucrose and iron sucrose similar, with special emphasis on substitution and interchangeability in France and Spain. Iron-carbohydrate complex drugs represent different available intravenous iron drugs and are part of the non-biological complex drug...