Nowadays 3D printing allows us to create physical objects on the basis of digital data. Thanks to its rapid development the use enormously increased in medicine too. Its creations facilitate surgical planning processes, education and research in context of organ transplantation, individualization prostheses, breast forms, and others.Our article describes the wide range of applied 3D printing te...

Ocular trauma can be caused by road traffic accidents, falls, assaults, or work-related accidents. Enucleation is often indicated after ocular injury or for the treatment of intraocular tumors, severe ocular infections, and painful blind eyes. Rehabilitation of an enucleated socket without an intraocular implant or with an inappropriately sized implant can result in superior sulcus deepening, e...

Evisceration and enucleation have been acceptable therapeutic modalities to treat not only severe ocular trauma but also various conditions, such as intraocular tumors, endophthalmitis, blind-painful-cosmetically disfiguring eyes, over the last two centuries. Clinical indications choices of procedure, whether or evisceration, vary among institutions, surgeon experience, severity structure loss....

OBJECTIVE One of the primary factors in managing patients with retinoblastoma is early diagnosis. The main idea of this study was to recognize the consequences of delay in diagnosis on therapy of the disease. METHODS A retrospective review of all children with proven retinoblastoma, who had presented to MAHAK hospital in Tehran, from April 2007 to Dec 2011, was performed. Grouping of intraocu...

PURPOSE To study the effect of aqueous humor (AH)-mediated inhibition of natural killer (NK) cell activity on intraocular tumor progression. METHODS Two NK-sensitive tumors, RMA-S lymphoma and OCM-3 uveal melanoma, were tested in vitro for susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis in the presence or absence of AH in conventional cytotoxicity assays. Various numbers of RMA-S and OCM-3 tumor cel...

BACKGROUND Granular cell tumors are rare neoplasms which can occur in any part of the body. Granular cell tumors of the orbit account for only 3 % of all granular cell tumor cases. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit have proven useful for diagnosing orbital tumors. However, the rarity of intraorbital granular cell tumors poses a significant diagnostic challenge for ...

1. Shields JA, Shields CL, Ehya H, Eagle RC, De Potter P. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of suspected intraocular tumors: the 1992 Urwick Lecture. Ophthalmology. 1993;100: 1677-1684. 2. Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study Group. Accuracy of diagnosis of choroidal melanomas in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study: COMS report No. 1. Arch Ophthalmol. 1990;108:1268-1273. 3. Schyberg E. Fine need...

Intraocular tumors reside in an immune-privileged site, yet in certain circumstances, they can undergo immune rejection. Ocular tumor rejection can follow one of two pathways. One pathway is CD4(+) T cell-dependent and culminates in ischemic necrosis of the tumor and phthisis (atrophy) of the eye. A second pathway is also CD4(+) T cell-dependent but does not inflict collateral injury to ocular ...

Making the correct diagnosis of an iris–ciliary body tumor can be challenging. A 35-year-old woman sought care because of a growing amelanotic lesion that destroyed the iris root and produced a large ciliary body mass. She had a history of systemic lupus erythematosus. The tumor was completely removed with an iridocyclectomy, which revealed that the plasma cells had been producing a large amoun...

Radiosurgery serves an important function in the treatment of patients with intraocular tumors and preserves visual function via organ conservation. Therefore, it is important to ensure the safety and precision of GK-SRS as a primary treatment for intraocular tumors. The present case study described a 57-year-old female with uveal melanoma treated with GK-SRS. Retrobulbar anesthesia following f...