Crucial computer applications require extremely reliable software. For a typical system, current proof techniques and testing methods cannot guarantee the absence of software faults, but careful use of redundancy may allow the system to tolerate them. Existing methods to provide fault tolerance at execution time rely on redundant software written to the same specifications. Such techniques use ...

CMOS circuits present severe problems in the detection of transistor stuck-open faults. In CMOS circuits, the transistor stuck-open (s-open) faults cause sequential behavior, and hence twoor multipattern sequences are used to detect s-open faults. Furthermore, twoor multipattern sequences may fail to detect a fault in several situations. The available methods for augmenting CMOS gates require a...

Causing a device to incorrectly execute an instruction or store faulty data is well-known strategy for attacking cryptographic implementations on embedded systems. One technique to generate such faults is to manipulate the supply voltage of the device. This paper introduces a novel technique to introduce those supply voltage manipulations onto existing digital systems, requiring minimal modific...

Static random-access memories (SRAMs) exhibit faults that are electrical in nature. Functional and electrical testing are performed to diagnose faulty operation. These tests are usually designed from simple fault models that describe the chip interface behavior without a thorough analysis of the chip layout and technology. However, there are certain technology and layout-related defects that ar...

[1] We examine the work energy budget of actively deforming fault systems in order to develop a means of examining the systemic behavior of complex fault networks. Work done in the deformation of a faulted area consists of five components: (1) work done against gravity in uplift of topography (Wgrav); (2) internal energy of the strained host rock (Wint); (3) work done resisting friction during ...

In this paper is described the system that controls the connected devices in a subsea observatory. The control system is constantly monitoring the internal and external components of the observatory detecting operating faults and acting automatically in consequence.