Elementary mathematical concepts from linear algebra are used to develop an independent theory for non-directed bond graphs. The dejinition of a bond graph is given and its structure as a combinatorial object is studied. This is accomplished by constructing a vector space, called the bond space of the bond graph. Topological information is encoded in the bond graph by dejining a subspace of the...

The syntheses and crystal structures of the isomeric 4-bromo-N-[(2-nitro-phen-yl)sulfon-yl]benzamide, (I), and 4-bromo-N-[(4-nitro-phen-yl)sulfon-yl]benzamide, (II), are described (mol-ecular formula = C13H9BrN2O5S in each case). The asymmetric unit of (I) contains two independent mol-ecules [(IA) and (IB)], while that of (II) contains one mol-ecule. The benzoic acid aromatic ring of mol-ecule ...

Urea-formaldehyde is one of the commonly used resin types in particleboard industry. In this study, effect nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) addition formulation urea formaldehyde on physical, mechanical, morphological properties samples was investigated. The NFC (0.5% 1%) TiO2 (0.5%, 1%, 2%) were added to 10% adhesive formulation. Two different pressure times, 4 8 min...

In humans, the intestinal epithelium is a single layer of cells that constitutes one of the most important barriers between internal and external environments. The so-called ‘intestinal barrier’ (IB) is a dynamic structure composed of different types of cellular junctions that can be regulated by physiological and pathological stimuli, and act as a selective barrier to antigens and pathogens. P...

The electronic charge distributions in the binary intermetallic B32 phases LiMe with Me = Zn, Cd. AI, Ga and In have been calculated by the relativistic augmented plane wave method. It is found that the character of the contribution from the various electron bands to the chemical bond is different for the lower valence bands and for the higher valence-conduction bands. The lower valence bands a...

We have used a series of Escherichia coli-expressed deletion mutants of the glycoprotein (GP) Ib-binding domain of von Willebrand factor (vWF) to study the structural basis of its function. In addition to the prototypic molecule (rvWF441-733), we constructed 11 mutants; seven had deletions of sequence on the amino- and/or carboxyl-terminal side of the Cys509-Cys695 intrachain disulfide loop, an...

Symplectic reduction of the planar dynamics of a non-collinear triatomic molecule leads eventually to an internal phase space with symplectic dynamics in the bond lengths and bond angle. For the overall and internal angular velocities, the dynamic and geometric phases describe conditions for the separation of energies and separation of dynamics. @ 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

Fresh blueberries are very susceptible to mechanical damage, which limits postharvest life and firmness. Softening and susceptibility of cultivars "Duke" and "Brigitta" to developing internal browning (IB) after mechanical impact and subsequent storage was evaluated during a 2-year study (2011/2012, 2012/2013). On each season fruit were carefully hand-picked, segregated into soft (<1.60 N), med...

BACKGROUND Currently, several systems of dentin substrate-reacting adhesives are available for use in the restorative treatment against caries. However, the bond effectiveness and property of different adhesive systems to caries-affected dentin are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of different adhesives to both normal dentin (ND) and caries-aff...