Auditors face a number of challenges when performing audit risk assessment. To cope with these challenges, methods are required that purposefully reduce the complexity inherent to internal control systems and that facilitate communication about internal control matters among groups of stakeholders with differing perspectives on the subject matter. In this paper, we investigate the potentials of...

This study examined whether mental health community service users completed outcome self-reports differently when assessments were supervised by internal vs. external staff. The examination of potential differences between the two has useful implications for mental health systems that take upon themselves the challenge of Routine Outcome Measurement (ROM), as it might impact allocation of publi...

More publicly listed firms have emphasized the effectiveness of internal control in an information technology environment. Hence, this study presents a logical assessment mechanism for appraising the internal control of information technology. The strategy is based on Gowin’s Vee structure. On the theory side, this study explores the assessment items of internal controls on information environm...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a vertically integrated curriculum intervention on the geriatric knowledge and performance in clinical skills of thirdyear medical students. This observational cohort study conducted at the University of Michigan Medical School evaluates the performance of 622 third-year medical students from the graduating class years of 2004 through 2...

AIM Sense of autonomy - the possibility to choose and decide - is one of the markers of positive and active aging. The goal of this study was to examine the Polish adaptation of the Perceived Autonomy in Old Age (PAA) scale and to determine its internal structure and psychometric properties: reliability, as well as construct and discriminant validity. METHODS 277 seniors (female=187; male=90)...

We developed a 12-item questionnaire for completion by patients having shoulder operations other than stabilisation. A prospective study of 111 patients was undertaken before operation and at follow-up six months later. Each patient completed the new questionnaire and the SF36 form. Some filled in the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). An orthopaedic surgeon assessed the Constant s...

BACKGROUND Teaching quality improvement (QI) principles during residency is an important component of promoting patient safety and improving quality of care. The literature on QI curricula for internal medicine residents is limited. We sought to evaluate the impact of a competency based curriculum on QI among internal medicine residents. METHODS This was a prospective, cohort study over four ...

BACKGROUND Psychosocial evaluation is an important part of the live organ donor evaluation process, yet it is not standardized across institutions, and although tools exist for the psychosocial evaluation of organ recipients, none exist to assess donors. OBJECTIVE We set out to develop a semistructured psychosocial evaluation tool (the Live Donor Assessment Tool, LDAT) to assess potential liv...