Novel nanowall arrays of hydrous manganese dioxide MnO2 0.5H2O are deposited onto cathodic substrates by the potentiostatic method from a mixed aqueous solution of manganese acetate and sodium sulfate. The deposition is induced by a change of local pH resulting from electrolysis of H2O, and hierarchical mesoporous nanowall arrays are formed as a result of simultaneous precipitation of manganese...

BACKGROUND Branching morphogenesis transforms an epithelial sheet into a tubular network with distinct features regarding the length and diameter of individual tubes. Branching is controlled by several signaling pathways, but the molecular consequences of these pathways in the responding cells are poorly understood. RESULTS We have undertaken a detailed characterization of cell rearrangements...

Pyrimidoacridinetriones (PATs) are a new group of highly active antitumor compounds. It seems reasonable to assume that, like for some other acridine derivatives, intercalation into DNA is a necessary, however not a sufficient condition for antitumor activity of these compounds. Rational design of new compounds of this chemotype requires knowledge about the structure of the intercalation comple...

The intercalation of tetrabutylammonium (TBA) cations into graphite by cation exchange from a sodium-ethylenediamine graphite intercalation compound yields a single-phase first-stage product, C(44)TBA, with a gallery expansion of 0.47 nm. The gallery dimension requires an anisotropic "flattened" cation conformation.

Lithium intercalation and de-intercalation processes have been used to fabricate bulk Bi(2)Se(0.3)Te(2.7) with internal nanostructures. The doped Li content can be precisely controlled through this method. It provides a chance to directly optimize electrical properties when preparing nano-structured materials, leading to the optimum carrier concentration for improved thermoelectric figure of me...

Intercalation of cells is an evolutionarily conserved strategy used for a variety of developmental processes in animals. In this issue of Cell, Fu et al. have uncovered an elaborate Rho GTPase-mediated mechanism by which cytoskeletal-dependent intercalation of Arabidopsis leaf cells is achieved, suggesting that conserved Rho GTPase signaling pathways may similarly regulate tissue morphogenesis ...

Intercalation of Ba in β-FeSe by ammonothermal synthesis results in the formation of different superconducting phases with interlayer distance ranging between 8.4 and 13.1 Å. The values of Tc are primarily dependent on Ba content, and are further modulated by the interlayer spacing through facile intercalation and deintercalation of ammonia.

The intercalation of poly(allylamine) (PAA) into a synthetic fluoromica (Na-TSM) was studied in order to understand the subsquent process of gold nanoparticle intercalation into the interlayer galleries. The composition and structure of the PAA intercalation compound (PAA/Na-TSM) was strongly influenced by the pH of its synthesis. At pH 3.0, the fully protonated form of the polymer was intercal...

Using first-principles calculations, we describe and compare atomistic lithiation, sodiation, and magnesiation processes in black phosphorous with a layered structure similar to graphite for Li-, Na-, and Mg-ion batteries because graphite is not considered to be an electrode material for Na- and Mg-ion batteries. The three processes are similar in that an intercalation mechanism occurs at low L...

We make use of a novel system of explant culture and high resolution video-film recording to analyse for the first time the cell behaviour underlying convergent extension and segmentation in the somitic mesoderm of Xenopus. We find that a sequence of activities sweeps through the somitic mesoderm from anterior to posterior during gastrulation and neurulation, beginning with radial cell intercal...