since the pressure of hydrocarbon reservoirs drops due to production, in order to keep the production rate constant or increase enhanced recovery, few methods are used. one of which is gas injection to the reservoir. on the other hand, due to reduction in oil production potential of aghajari oil field, gas injection is highly required to pressurize and enhance oil recovery. there is a possibili...

One of the promising aspects of the immunological research on chemical war gas is to investigate the immunogenicity of some hazardous compounds such as mustard gas. Mustard gas is categorized as a "hapten" based on its physical and chemical properties. Haptenic chemicals which do not possess immunogenicity could be immunogenic experimentally when conjugated with a suitable protein carrier...

Efforts to mitigate the effects of climate change have led research and industry groups to explore ways of applying existing technologies and practices to the challenge of reducing CO2 emissions. The storage of CO2 in underground geologic reservoirs is one such idea that employs techniques developed for oil and gas production and transmission. For example, CO2 has been injected into petroleum r...

Gas bubbles of oxygen. carbon dioxide and nitrogen are injected into the degassed plasma and whole blood. The bubble size is measured at time intervals until the bubble is completely dissolved in the liquid. Physical quantities governing the dissolution of gas bubbles are identified and their effects are examined. The applications of the study include the dissolution of gas emboli in human body...

A planar and instantaneous visualization study of high-speed gas jets and their airblast sprays was performed to qualitatively examine the different atomization performances of different gas nozzles. For the visualization of high-speed gas jets (with no liquid injected), Nd:YAG pulsed laser sheets imaged the clustered vapor molecules in the Rayleigh range (d@j), condensed from the natural humid...

Single-shaft gas turbine and its cycles are sensitive to frequency drops and, therefore, sudden change loads or large frequency dips might affect their stability. This phenomenon is related to the reduction of the air mass flow passing through the machine during the frequency dips, which might lead to an interaction between governor and temperature control loop. In this paper, the performance o...

A probe has been designed, constructed, and successfully used to inject methane into the DIII-D lower divertor in a manner imitating natural release by chemical erosion. This porous plug injector (PPI) probe consists of a self-contained gas reservoir with an integrated pressure gauge and a 3 cm diameter porous surface through which gas is injected into the lower divertor of the tokamak. The pro...

We present a route for producing monodisperse micro and nanodrops that is based on a liquid-gas phase transition occurring within a microfluidic device. A gas which is soluble in water is mixed with an insoluble one and injected into an aqueous surfactant solution, using a microfluidic device that produces monodisperse bubbles. As the soluble gas diffuses out of the bubbles, they shrink and the...