Since 1990, the development of tacrolimus-based immunosuppression and improved surgical techniques, the increased array of potent immunosuppressive medications, infection prophylaxis, and suitable patient selection helped improve actuarial graft and patient survival rates for all types of intestine transplantation. Patients with irreversible intestinal failure and complications of parenteral nu...

BACKGROUND Left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) is an unusual abnormality that may be clinically significant during renal surgery. METHODS We report the unique case of a patient with a centrally located left renal mass who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. During the hilar dissection, unusual vascular anatomy was encountered. The patient was noted to have a left-sided inferior vena c...

The inferior vena cava, also known as the posterior vena cava, is the large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava result from the persistence of the embryonic venous system. The majority of cases are clinically silent and are diagnosed in routine dissection studies, in retroperiton...

conclusions the abovementioned ivc ultrasonographic criteria for hemodynamic congestion appear clearly inconsistent. alternatively, a sequential or simultaneous combination of clinical scores of congestion, ivc ultrasonographic indices, and circulating levels of natriuretic peptides could be warranted. background among the indices able to replace invasive central venous pressure (cvp) measureme...

conclusions noninvasive assessment of the patient hydration condition using the ultrasound is a simple and practicable measure in emergency. with regard to the considerations, it is possible to estimate cvp via diameter measurement and cross-section of the central veins. results twenty patients with the mean age of 60.3 were studied. the main reason for cardiac catheterization was shock. there ...

Leiomyosarcoma of vascular origin is a rare disease and most cases arise in the inferior vena cava. Inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma (IVCLMS) usually presents in females in their sixth decade of life. The clinical symptoms are often non-specific and the diagnosis is often delayed. Current imaging techniques can accurately differentiate inferior vena cava neoplasms from other non-neoplastic les...

Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are a significant health care concern, representing a major source of mortality and morbidity. In order to understand the pathophysiology of thrombogenesis and thrombus resolution, animal models are necessary. Mouse models of venous thrombosis contribute to our understanding of the initiation, propagation, and resolution of venous thrombus, as well as...

We report a case of interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) as a rare developmental defect. Inferior vena cava interruption is usually accompanied with azygos and hemiazygos continuation, and is asymptomatic. Consequently, venous blood from the caudal part of the body reaches the heart via the azygous vein and superior vena cava. A 50 year old female who came for routine health check-up was found ...

OBJECTIVES This study attempted to provide a formula for calculation of the pulmonary/systemic flow ratio in children after bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis. BACKGROUND With the bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis, only the superior vena cava blood is oxygenated by the lungs. The inferior vena cava flow recirculates into the systemic circulation. The ratio of these flows will deter...