OBJECTIVE To determine the differences in myelination between the human recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve. METHODS Fifteen confirmed laryngeal nerve specimens were harvested from five cadavers. Cross-sections were examined under a photomicroscope and morphometric analysis performed. RESULTS There was a significantly greater number of myelinated fibres than unmyelinated ...

PURPOSE To describe the anatomical course of the intralaryngeal portion of the inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN) and to standardize the surgical access to its thyroarytenoid branch (TAb) through the thyroid cartilage. METHODS Under surgical microscopy, 33 adult human excised larynges were dissected, to expose the intralaryngeal portion of ILN. The point of entry of TAb, ILN's terminal branch, in...

background and aims. current infiltration techniques for achieving anesthesia in dental procedures are not applicable in posterior mandibular region because of its dense cortical bone. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a specific infiltration anesthesia in posterior mandibular teeth instead of inferior alveolar nerve block for restorative procedures. materials and methods. c...

BACKGROUND Transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy affects to 5-10 per cent of patients after extracapsular thyroidectomy. This prospective study assessed the impact of surgical injury and extralaryngeal branching of the inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN) on vocal cord dysfunction (VCD). METHODS Total thyroidectomy or lobectomy was performed in 188 patients, with 302 ILNs at risk. The anatomy o...

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is the most common and serious complication after thyroid surgery. Visual identification of the RLN during thyroid surgery has been shown to be associated with lower rates of palsy, and although it has been recommended as the gold standard for RLN treatment, it does not guarantee success against postoperative vocal cord paralysis. Anatomical variations of t...

BACKGROUND In recent years, certain publications have appeared confirming that intraoperative palpation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a very reliable method. METHOD The characteristics of the surgical anatomy of 1023 RLN have been summarized on the basis of intraoperative palpability, running down, branching variations, thickness, and laryngeal entry site. RESULTS Palpation was ...

Laryngeal schwannomas are rare, benign tumors, most often arising from the superior laryngeal nerve. We describe a case of a 68-year-old female with a laryngeal schwannoma of the recurrent laryngeal nerve after traumatic injury. We postulate that trauma to the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy or thyroplasty incited growth of a nerve sheath tumor. This is the first reported case of...

Thyroidectomy is one of the most commonly performed endocrine procedures in world. Conventional open thyroidectomy more frequently undertaken than its minimally invasive counterpart. Elective treatment choice for benign and malignant thyroid disease includes total near-total thyroidectomy, lobo-isthmectomy. Open requires careful preoperative patient preparation and, among other skills, thorough...