In many urban situations, both the municipal sewage system and industrial wastewater treatment are inadequate. A municipal sewage network may be in place, but coverage is usually incomplete, and the level of treatment provided is inadequate. Even where reasonable treatment facilities exist, poor maintenance and operation often result in failure to meet design effluent levels. In such circumstan...

This report describes the identification of important estrogenic compounds in surface and sediment pore-water samples collected from the Tyne and Tees estuaries (United Kingdom) through the application of toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures. The Tyne and Tees estuaries represent estuaries that have been historically impacted by industrial activities and continue to receive treat...

Present study was carried out to determine the high COD of GIDC (Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation) areas. One of the burning problems of Industrial society is the high consumption of water and the high demand for clean drinking water. Numerous approaches have been taken to reduce water consumption, but in the long run it seems only possible to recycle wastewater into high quality wate...

Industrial effluent containing heavy metals, on entering aquatic environment causes biochemical disturbances in the fish. The present study deals with the toxicity of Zinc as (ZnSO4), as a component of industrial waste and its effect on tissue glycogen and protein level at 24, 48, 72 & 96 hrs respectively .The estimated glycogen and protein concentration in the tissuesgills, liver, kidney, ovar...

At first, laboratory-scale work under aerobic conditions was undertaken on bacteria imported from the USA. The system was optimised for variables including pH, temperature, nutrient type (e.g. glucose, molasses) and nutrient addition rate. As the effluent could contain phenols, tolerance to phenols at different concentrations was also investigated, including the possibility of utilising phenol ...

The purpose of this study is mainly to evaluate the performance of the continuous recirculation flow cell at low current density and pH (the pH at which the effluents are available) in removing heavy metals from copper smelting effluent by cathodic reduction. During the electrolysis at different pH, % removal of heavy metals removal, energy consumption and heterogeneous reaction rate constants ...

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in treated municipal effluents have the potential to adversely impact exposed organisms prompting elevated public concern. Using transcriptomic tools, we investigated changes in gene expression and cellular pathways in the liver of male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to 5% concentrations of full secondary-treated (HTP) or advanced primary-t...