This paper describes four alternatives for expanding childhood insurance coverage, discusses key health policy issues, and assesses the political possibilities for enacting universal coverage. Alternatives are (1) a single federal child health program for all children; (2) a hybrid federal child health program (replacing Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program [SCHIP]), combi...

The purpose of implementation-based testing is to gain a measure of confidence in the correctness of the software by providing adequate coverage of the code. One unit of testing in object-oriented software is a class. However, classes use other classes and if class interactions form a cycle of dependencies then, to test a client class that uses an untested supplier class, stubs must be construc...

High-throughput shotgun sequence data makes it possible in principle to accurately estimate population genetic parameters without confounding by SNP ascertainment bias. One such statistic of interest is the proportion of heterozygous sites within an individual’s genome, which is informative about inbreeding and effective population size. However, in many cases, the available sequence data of an...

INTRODUCTION Most individual preventive therapies potentially narrow or widen health disparities depending on the difference in community effectiveness across socioeconomic position (SEP). The equity tipping point (defined as the point at which health disparities become larger) can be calculated by varying components of community effectiveness such as baseline risk of disease, intervention cove...

OBJECTIVE To measure within-country wealth-related inequality in the health service coverage gap of maternal and child health indicators in sub-Saharan Africa and quantify its contribution to the national health service coverage gap. METHODS Coverage data for child and maternal health services in 28 sub-Saharan African countries were obtained from the 2000-2008 Demographic Health Survey. For ...

Today most population genomic studies of nonmodel organisms either sequence a subset of the genome deeply in each individual or sequence pools of unlabelled individuals. With a step-by-step workflow, we illustrate how low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of hundreds of individually barcoded samples is now a practical alternative strategy for obtaining genomewide data on a population scale. We u...

the global investigation of disasters in recent years shows that their number has increased annually and the number of affected people and costs of disasters are increasing

In this paper an on-line distributed algorithm, namely, Voronoi Partition-based Coverage (VPC), is proposed to solve the problem of complete coverage of a geographical region with known boundary and unknown obstacles using multiple robots. The region is decomposed into Voronoi cells based on the initial positions of robots. Each robot is responsible for covering its Voronoi cell. It is shown th...