background: the present study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of dynamic interspinous spacer (coflex®) and static spacer (x-stop ®) compared to laminectomy (lami) in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.   methods: a decision-analysis model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness. the effectiveness parameters were obtained from a systematic literature review in relevant databas...

Geophysical data often contains both systematic and random errors. If left unchecked, the systematic errors can cause acquisition footprint in the final map. I present a method to estimate systematic error by analyzing measurements at points where two acquisition swaths cross. I then subtract the estimated systematic error from the data and generate a map with a familiar least squares formulati...

The MiGen project is designing and developing an intelligent, exploratory environment to support 11–14-year-old students in their learning of mathematical generalisation. Deployed within the classroom, the system will also provide tools to assist teachers in monitoring students’ activities and progress. This paper describes the conceptual and architectural design of the system, and gives a deta...

the aim of this research was to determine the effect of contextual interference derived from self-regulation practice with regard to type of task on acquisition and retention of tracking tasks with an emphasis on meta-cognition hypotheses (cognition and meta-cognition phenomena). for this purpose, 24 right handed male and female students of yazd university (mean age: 22± 1.7) were selected via ...

The aim of the research was analysis of rice producers’ perceptions of participatory communication in the use of integrated pest management (IPM). Research population was consisted of rice producers in the west of Mazandaran province (N=16126), whose 187 ones were selected using Cochran’s formula. Data were gathered by systematic random sampling method. The instrument for data collection was a ...

This experiment examined contextual interference in producing a bimanual coordination pattern of 90 degree angle relative phase. Acquisition, retention, and transfer performance were compared in a single-task control group and groups that performed 2 tasks in either a blocked or random presentation. Surprisingly, acquisition data revealed that both the random and control groups outperformed the...