Tissue nutrient supply may be synchronized with endogenous physiological rhythms to optimize animal and human health. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity have endogenous rhythms that are not essentially dependent on food type and eating. Human glucose tolerance declines as day comes into night. Based on such evolutionary findings, large evening meals must be avoided to reduce risks of vis...

Introduction Ionophores have been used extensively in the beef industry in Canada since 1977. Until recently, there has been no label indication for use of ionophores in lactating dairy cattle. Ionophores are feed additives that alter rumen microbial populations through ion transfer across cell membranes. In Canada, the label warning prohibiting the use of Rumensin premix in lactating dairy ca...

Two trials were implemented to explore nutritional strategies to improve lactation performance of dairy cows fed red clover silage (RCS)-based diets. In Trial 1, 18 earlyto midlactation dairy cows were assigned to a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square trial design and fed diets containing forage bases of all RCS, a mixture of RCS and brown midrib corn silage (BMR), and a mixture of RCS and normal cor...

The optimum starch content of diets fed to lactating cows is not well defined, but 24% to 26% starch (DM basis) has been suggested (Staples, 2007). Kaiser and Shaver (2006) and Bucholtz (2006), from surveys of high producing (>13,650 kg RHA) dairy farms in Wisconsin (n = 6) and Michigan (n = 18), respectively, reported starch concentrations of diets fed to lactating cow groups ranging from 25% ...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of short-term forage substitution with ensiled olive cake (OC), on yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile cows’ milk. Mid-lactating Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned for 21 days two isoenergetic isoproteic feeding treatments (12 animals per treatment), containing 0 10% DM OC (C groups, respectively). Milk yield was recorded daily, milk...

The use of grazing systems for milk production is widely used globally because it a lower-cost feeding system. However, under tropical conditions, the energy content pastures became limitation to improve animal performance and efficiency while reducing environmental impact. objective our study was evaluate impact supplying different dietary sources lactating dairy cows on recovery human-edible ...

The objective of this study was to measure the effect of feeding two total mixed rations (TMRs), differing in their roughage content and in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility, on the physiological response and energy balance of lactating cows. The partitioning of metabolizable energy intake (MEI) between heat production (HP) and retained energy (RE) of cows held under hot weather conditions an...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diets containing roasted soybean (R), extruded soybean (E) or their combination (RE) on dairy cow performance and milk fatty acid (FA) profile. Nine multiparous lactating Holstein cows (680 ± 25 kg BW; 90 ± 10 DIM; means ± SD) were randomly assigned to a triple 3 × 3 Latin square design. Dry matter intake (DMI), apparent nutrient dige...

The concept of extended lactation should improve cow health and productivity while reducing greenhouse gas emissions per kg milk produced in high-yield organic dairy herds. This is achieved through fewer calvings per year and hence production of fewer replacement heifers. Combined with fewer days dry per cow per year, this will reduce the annual herd requirement for feed while maintaining milk ...

BACKGROUND Beef cows herd accounts for 70% of the total energy used in the beef production system. However, there are still limited studies regarding improvement of production efficiency in this category, mainly in developing countries and in tropical areas. One of the limiting factors is the difficulty to obtain reliable estimates of weight variation in mature cows. This occurs due to the inte...