Background: Industrial income differential is the most important cause of the public dissatisfaction with the income inequality in China. The high income of monopoly industries is now the typical one of the massive income inequity phenomena. But objectively speaking, not all high income of monopoly industries is unreasonable. The income differential caused by employees’ education level is reaso...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects on self rated health of individual income and income distribution in Japan. DESIGN Cross sectional analysis. Data collected on household income, self rated health, and other sociodemographic characteristics at the individual level from comprehensive survey of the living conditions of people on health and welfare in a nationally representative sample from each p...

There is a very large literature that examines the relationship between health and income. Two main hypotheses have been investigated: the relative income hypothesis and the absolute income hypothesis. Most of previous studies that used mortality data have been criticized for estimating an aggregate model that does not account for non-linear links between health and income at the individual lev...

OBJECTIVE Adverse living standards are associated with poorer child health and safety. This study investigates whether adverse housing and neighbourhood conditions contribute to explain country-level associations between a country's economic level and income inequality and child mortality, specifically injury mortality. DESIGN Ecological, cross-sectional study. SETTING/SUBJECTS Twenty-six E...

BACKGROUND We compared age-standardized prevalence of cigarette smoking and their income gaps at the district-level in Korea using the National Health Screening Database (NHSD) and the Community Health Survey (CHS). METHODS Between 2009 and 2014, 39,049,485 subjects participating in the NHSD and 989,292 participants in the CHS were analyzed. The age-standardized prevalence of smoking and thei...

Socioeconomic status has a robust positive relationship with several health outcomes at the individual and population levels, but in the case of HIV prevalence, income inequality may be a better predictor than absolute level of income. Most studies showing a relationship between income inequality and HIV have used entire countries as the unit of analysis. In this study, we examine the associati...

the aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting timely repayment of agricultural loans in fars province. the necessary data was obtained from agricultural bank as well as through 163 questionnaires, filled out in fars-province. the farmers were divided in to timely repayment and defaulter groups while standard tobit model being used for the study. the dependent variable in this m...

this paper used a general equilibrium model to evaluate the effects of adjustment polices. the model includes both demand and supply side equations. relationships concerning household and government income are also included in model. iterative three-stage least squares method is used-toestimatethe.model: then the mode/is used to simulate the effect of sevenaltemative policies on poverty and inc...

In a model where agents have unequal production skills and di erent preferences, we build social welfare functions which rely only on ordinal non-comparable information on individual preferences. Social welfare functions are required to satisfy properties of compensation for inequalities in skills, and responsibility for preferences. Then, assuming skills and preferences are unobservable, we us...